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    Home / Central Data Catalog / PHL_2010_PHC_V01_M_V7.5_A_IPUMS / variable [P]
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2010 Census of Population and Housing - IPUMS Subset

Philippines, 2010
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Reference ID
PHL_2010_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
Philippine Statistics Authority, IPUMS
Metadata
Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
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Created on
Sep 03, 2025
Last modified
Sep 03, 2025
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  • Study Description
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  • PHL2010_PHC-H-H.dat
  • PHL2010_PHC-P-H.dat

Usual occupation (3-digit) (PH2010A_OCC3)

Data file: PHL2010_PHC-P-H.dat

Overview

Type: Discrete
Decimal: 0
Start: 214
End: 216
Width: 3
Range: -
Format: Numeric

Questions and instructions

Literal question
<span class="h2">Population Census Questions</span></p>

<p><span class="em"> For all 15 years old and over.</span>
<br />[Questions 20 to 23 were asked of persons 15 years and over]</p>

<p>P20. Usual occupation - During the past 12 months, what was [the respondent]'s usual activity/occupation?</p>
<div class="i1">Write detailed description on the space provided. If student, housekeeper, dependent, or other non-gainful activity, skip to P24.<br /><br />Occupation____</div>
Categories
Value Category
000 NIU (not in universe)
011 Officers in the armed forces
091 New workers seeking employment
092 Experienced workers seeking reemployment
093 Workers reporting occupations unidentifiable or inadequately defined
111 Government administrators (including career executive service office.)
112 Legislative officials
113 Traditional chiefs and heads of villages
114 Senior officials of special-interest organization
121 Directors and chief executives of corporations
122 Production and operations managers
123 Specialized managers
131 General managers and managing-proprietors
141 School supervisors and principals
142 Transport and communications service supervisors
143 Production supervisors and general foremen
144 Sales supervisors in wholesale and retail trade
149 Other supervisors not elsewhere classified
211 Physicists, chemists and related professionals
212 Mathematicians, statisticians and related professionals
213 Computer professionals
214 Architects and related professionals
215 Engineers and related professionals
221 Life science professionals
222 Health professionals (except nursing)
223 Nursing and midwifery professionals
231 College, university and higher education teaching professionals
232 Technical, vocational and related instructors
233 Secondary education teaching professionals
234 Elementary education teaching professionals
235 Special education teaching professionals
239 Teaching professionals not elsewhere classified
241 Business professionals
242 Legal professionals
243 Librarians, archivists and curators
244 Social and related science professionals
245 Writers and creative or performing artists
246 Religious professionals
311 Physical science and engineering technicians
312 Computer assistants and computer equipment controllers
313 Optical and electronic equipment controllers
314 Ship and aircraft controllers and technicians
315 Building, safety, health and quality inspectors
321 Life science technicians and related associated professionals
322 Health associate professionals (except nursing)
323 Nursing and midwifery associate professionals
324 Traditional medicine practitioners
330 Teaching associate professionals
341 Finance and sales associate professionals
342 Business services agents and trade brokers
343 Administrative associate professionals
344 Customs, taxation, licensing, welfare and related professionals
345 Police inspectors and detectives
346 Social work associate professionals
347 Artistic, entertainment and sports associate professionals
348 Religious associate professionals
411 Secretaries and keyboard-operating clerks
412 Numerical clerks
413 Material recording and transport clerks
414 Library, mail and related clerks
419 Other office clerks
421 Cashiers, tellers and related clerks
422 Client information clerks
511 Travel attendants and related workers
512 Housekeeping and restaurant services workers
513 Personal care and related workers
514 Astrologers, fortune-tellers and related worker
515 Other personal services workers
516 Protective services workers
521 Fashion and other models
522 Shop salespersons and demonstrators
523 Stall and market salespersons
611 Field crop farmers
612 Orchard farmers
613 Ornamental and other plant growers
621 Livestock and dairy farmers
622 Poultry farmers
629 Other animal raisers
631 Forest tree planters
632 Concessionaires and loggers
633 Charcoal makers and related workers
634 Minor forest products gatherers
641 Aqua-farm cultivators
642 Inland and coastal waters fishermen
643 Deep-sea fishermen
649 Fishermen not elsewhere classified
651 Hunters and trappers
659 Hunters and trappers not elsewhere classified
711 Miners, shotfirers, stone cutters and carvers
712 Building frame construction and related trades
713 Building construction finishers and related trades workers
714 Painters and related trades workers
721 Metal molders, welders, and sheet-metal workers
722 Blacksmiths, tool-makers and related trades workers
723 Machinery mechanics, fitters and related trades workers
724 Electricians, electrical and electronic equipment workers
731 Precision workers in metal and related material
732 Potters, glass-makers and related trades workers
733 Handicraft workers in wood, textile, leather and related material
734 Printing, binding and related trades workers
741 Food processing and related trades workers
742 Wood treaters, cabinet-makers and related trades workers
743 Textile, garment and related trades workers
744 Leather and shoemaking trades workers
811 Mining-and mineral-processing plant operators
812 Metal processing plant operators
813 Glass, ceramics and related plant operators
814 Wood-processing and papermaking plant operators
815 Chemical-processing plant operators
816 Power-production and related plant operators
817 Automated assembly-line and industrial robot operators
821 Metal and mineral products machine operators
822 Chemical products machine operators
823 Rubber and plastic products machine operators
824 Wood products machine operators
825 Textile and leather products machine operators
826 Food and related products machine operators
827 Assemblers
829 Other machine operators and assemblers
831 Locomotive-engine drivers and related workers
832 Motor vehicle drivers
833 Agricultural and other mobile-plant operators
834 Ship's deck crews and related workers
911 Market stall vendors, street vendors and related workers
912 Shoe cleaning and other street services elementary workers
913 Domestic helpers and cleaners and related workers
914 Building caretakers, window and related cleaners
915 Messengers, porters, doorkeepers and related workers
916 Garbage collectors and related laborers
921 Agricultural, forestry and fishery laborers
931 Mining and construction laborers
932 Manufacturing laborers
933 Transport laborers and freight handlers
998 No occupation
999 Unknown
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
<span class="em">Columns P20 to P23 for All Persons 15 Years Old and Over</span>
<br />Columns P20 to P23 are to be accomplished only for household members 15 years old and over. Thus, if a household member is less than 15 years old, leave these columns blank.</p>

<p><span class="em">P20-Usual Occupation</span>
<br />Data on occupation are essential in analyzing the growth, composition, and distribution of the country's work force. They provide information on the socio-economic status of the population and are essential in planning the necessary training programs aimed at full and efficient utilization of the country's human resources.
<br />Ask the question in column P20, "During the past 12 months, what was [the respondent]'s usual activity/occupation?" for all persons 15 years old and over.
<br />Through this question, we can determine whether a person is a gainful or non gainful worker. Write in the space provided the type of activity/occupation of the household member. This will be coded later in the PO.
<br />The term usual activity/occupation refers to the kind of job or business, which a person was engaged in most of the time during the last 12 months preceding the interview. In other words, usual activity/occupation is the person's principal means of earning a living such as real estate salesman, medical doctor, architect, rice farmer, elementary school teacher, police inspector, lawyer, call center representative, and others during the past 12 months.
<br />For persons who did not work during the past 12 months, their usual activity/occupation relates to the non gainful activities they usually do most of the year or to their status.
<br />Non gainful persons may be reported as any of the following:</p>
<div class="i1">[] Housekeeper, own home<br />[] Student<br />[] Pensioner (quite old to work and receiving monthly pension or annuity)<br />[] Retired (quite old to work and not receiving monthly pension or annuity, including those who retired from the government service or private employment, can still work but do not care to work anymore)<br />[] Persons with disability (persons suffering from permanent illness or disability)<br />[] Dependent (other than above), and others.</div><p>For purposes of this census, a person is considered a gainful worker or usually working most of the time during the past 12 months if he/she works for at least 10 hours a week for six months (26 weeks) or longer, including vacation or sick leave, in one or more of these classes of work:</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1. Work for pay (wage, salary, commission, tips, and others);<br />[] 2. Work for profit in own farm, business, or private practice of a profession or trade; and<br />[] 3. Work without pay on own family farm or business.</div><p>For persons whose activities varied during the preceding 12 months, report as his/her usual activity/occupation that which he/she was engaged in for more than six months. However, if none of these activities lasted for more than six months, report the one which had the longest duration.
<br />Take note of the following cases:</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1. When reporting usual occupation, note that a gainful activity takes precedence over a nongainful one when a person is engaged in both types of activities at the same time. For example, a student works in a slaughterhouse as a helper every other day in the mornings and goes to school every day in the afternoons. Report his/her occupation as a slaughterhouse helper.<br />However, note that if the activities do not occur at the same time, such that there is a clear-cut period to separate the gainful from the nongainful one, report the activity which occurs more than six months.<br />[] 2. If for several years a person had been a school teacher but on May 1, 2010 he/she had already quit his/her teaching job and is operating a palay farm, his/her usual occupation is still an elementary school teacher. Again, the reference should be the past 12 months.<br />[] 3. During the census, a person may be working in a job other than his/her usual occupation. For instance, a palay farmer or fisherman works temporarily as a carpenter. In this case, the report should be "Palay farmer" or "Fisherman", and not the temporary job he/she is presently doing.</div><p>Always describe the specific job or occupation performed by the person in the establishment, office, and farm, among others, such as radio technician, records clerk, typist, stenographer, lawyer, farm manager, elementary school teacher, bill collector, carpenter, cigarette vendor, and hospital attendant, among others.
<br />Answers such as agent, engineer, mechanic, employee, and others, do not describe adequately the work being performed. As such, ask the respondent additional questions like, "Does this person work for a life insurance company, advertising agency, and others?" or "What kind of engineer or mechanic is he/she?"
<br />If the respondent gives a long description of the actual duties of work of the person, report the occupation that fits the description.</p>

<p>Avoid such ambiguous descriptions as owner, partner, businessman, and others. They do not adequately describe the occupation of the person. They simply indicate the proprietary relationship of the person to the business and some owners do not do any work in connection with their business.
<br />If a person is the owner of an enterprise and he/she manages it or participates in its management, report "Manager" as his/her occupation. However, if such enterprise is engaged in wholesale and retail trade, hotel, dormitory, restaurant, cafeteria, or other lodging or eating places, said owner managing or participating in the management of the enterprise should be reported as "wholesale merchant", "retailer", or "working proprietor". Note however, that a partner in a business who is paid by the partnership to manage the business should be reported as "manager" and not "working proprietor".
<br />Check for the consistency of the usual activity/occupation of a person with his/her highest grade/year completed. For instance, you need to probe further if the person's usual occupation is "civil engineer" or "lawyer" but the highest grade/year completed is only "high school graduate".
<br />Jobs/Occupations which Need Special Care in Reporting
<br />The following are examples of jobs or occupations, which need special care in reporting:</p>
<div class="i1">[Unacceptable entry: Acceptable entries and examples]<br />[] <span class="em">Agent</span>: Insurance agent, real estate agent, among others. Note that a Philippine National Police (PNP) agent should be reported as "enlisted man" while "PNP Inspector" should be reported as "police detective" or "private detective".<br />[]<span class="em">Apprentice</span>: An entry should include both the occupation and the word "apprentice". The correct entry should be apprentice plumber, apprentice printer, and others.<br />[]<span class="em">Assemblers: </span>Specify the type of machinery or products being assembled, such as mechanical machinery assembler, electrical machinery assembler, wood and related materials product assembler, and others.<br />[] <span class="em">Attendant: </span>Bar attendant, hospital attendant, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Businessman</span>: Wholesale merchant, retailer, manager, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Clerk: </span>Accounting clerk, filing clerk, records clerk, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Collector</span>: Bill collector, garbage collector, collector, market collector, toll collector<br />[] <span class="em">Contractor</span>: A contractor is engaged principally in obtaining building and/or other contracts and in supervising the work. He/she should be reported as "building contractor", "road contractor", and others.<br />[] <span class="em">Craftsman or skilled worker</span>: Specify type of skill such as miner, quarry worker, bricklayer carpenter, roofer, plumber, pipe fitter, spray painter, metal molder, sheet metal worker, blacksmith, toolmaker, metal worker, metal grinder, metal polisher, motor vehicle mechanic and fitter, radio and television services, telephone installer, electrical line installer, glass engraver, printing engraver, basket weaver, wood treater, cabinet marker, and others.<br />[]<span class="em"> Driver: </span>Tricycle driver, taxi driver, jeep driver, heavy equipment driver, calesa driver, light van driver, bus driver, tram driver, heavy truck driver, heavy van driver, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Employee: </span>Specify whether the employee is a statistician, receptionist, typist, and others.<br />[] <span class="em">Engineer: </span>Civil engineer, mining engineer, marine engineer, and others<br />Factory worker: Weaver, knitter, sewer, tinsmith, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Farmer: </span>Rice farmer, corn farmer, sugarcane farmer, coconut farmer<br />[] <span class="em">Farm worker</span>: Skilled rice farm worker, skilled corn farm worker, and others; farm hand, farm laborer, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Fireman: </span>Locomotive fireman, city fireman (for city fire department), fire fighter (as in airfields), and others<br />[] <span class="em">Fisherman</span>: Fisherman in deep-sea, fish pen, fishpond, coastal, inland, and others; fishpond operator, prawn farm machinery operator, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Foreman</span>: Foreman-carpenter, foreman-electrician, and others<br /><span class="em">Government official</span>: Specify position such as mayor, congressman, senator, cabinet secretary, assistant cabinet secretary, commissioner, and justice; councilor, barangay chairperson, barangay treasurer, and others.<br />[] <span class="em">Helper</span>: Store helper, bakery helper, and others<br />Inspector: Meat inspector, market inspector, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Manager: </span>Board of Director, special company manager such as: production and operations manager, finance and administration manager, personnel and industrial relations<br />manager, sales and marketing manager, advertising and public relations manager, supply and distribution manager, computing services manager, research and development manager, small firm manager, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Mechanic</span>: Auto mechanic, airplane mechanic, radio mechanic, and others. Do not confuse mechanic with machinist who is a skilled craftsman and who constructs and repairs all kinds of metal parts, tools, and machines through the use of blueprints, machine and hand tools, and precision measuring instruments.<br />[] <span class="em">Midwife</span>: Differentiate "licensed midwife" from "practical midwife", "hilot", and others<br />[] <span class="em">Nurse</span>: Registered nurse, practical nurse, nurse's aide, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Operator</span>: Bulldozer operator, elevator operator, telephone operator, mining plant operator, mineral ore and stone treating operator, well driller and borer, ore smelting operator, metal melter, caster and rolling-mill operator, metal heat-treating plant operator, metal drawer and extruder, glass and ceramics kiln operator, paper-making plant operator, chemical processing plant operator, power-generating plant operator, steam turbine operator, automated assembly-line operator, machine tool operator, chemical products machine operator, rubber and plastic products machine operator, wood products machine operator, printing machine operator, binding machine operator, paper and paperboard products machine operator, spinning and winding machine operator, weaving and knitting machine operator, sewing and embroidering machine operator, textile bleaching, dyeing and cleaning machine operator, meat and fish processing machine operator, dairy products machine operator, grain and spice milling machine operator, fruit, vegetable and nut processing operator, sugar processing and refining machine operator, tea, coffee, cocoa and chocolate preparing and producing machine operator, tobacco products processing machine operator, brewer and wine and other beverage machine operator, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Police: </span>Police officer, detective, patrolman, traffic police, and others. Note that in municipalities with small police force, an entry of policeman may be sufficient or acceptable.<br />[] <span class="em">Secretary: </span>The title "secretary" should be used for persons doing secretarial work in an office. The secretary who is an elected or appointed officer of a corporation, firm or other organization should be reported as "executive secretary".<br />Supervisor: Principal, superintendent, sales supervisor, teacher- supervisor, transport supervisor, housekeeping supervisor, farm overseer, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Teacher</span>: Elementary school teacher, high school teacher, professor, instructor, substitute teacher or teaching assistant (elementary, high school or college), private tutor, university instructor, vocational-technical skill instructor, specialized trainer such as sales trainer, management trainer, instructor-trainer, and others<br />[] <span class="em">Technician: </span>Civil engineering technician, quantity surveyor, surveyor's technician, mining technician, electrical engineering technician, electronics engineering technician, telecommunications technician, mechanical engineering technician, aeronautical engineering technician, automotive engineering technician, chemical engineering technician, metallurgical technician, mining engineering technician, production engineering technician, draftsman technician, and others. Note that an engineering graduate or a licensed engineer is an engineer by qualification but may be hired as a technician and performing technician jobs. Report him/her as a technician and specify his/her field<br />[] <span class="em">Unskilled laborer: </span>Whenever possible, specify the unskilled laborer as "street sweeper", "janitor", "stevedore", and others</div><p>Important Notice: Pay special attention to the preceding instructions because ambiguous reporting of the usual occupation or activity will result to inappropriate or wrong codes and consequently, affect the data on the economic characteristics of the population
<br />Skip to P24 if the member is reported to have a nongainful activity during the past 12 months.

Description

Definition
This variable indicates the usual occupation (3-digit) of a person during the last 12 months.
Universe
Philippines 2010: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: none]

concept

Concept
var_concept.title Vocabulary
Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON IPUMS
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