Identification
Survey ID Number
KHM_2008_AS_v01_M
Title
Anthropometric Survey 2008
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Cambodia | KHM |
Study type
Other Household Health Survey [hh/hea]
Series Information
The National Institute of Statistics, Ministry of Planning conducted the Cambodia Anthropometric Survey (CAS) 2008. CAS 2008 is the first survey, and was sponsored by UNICEF and UNDP in Cambodia.
Abstract
The 2008 Cambodia Anthropometrics Survey (CAS) is a nationally representative sample of 7,495 households with children 0 to 59 months of age. The survey includes representative samples of nineteen survey domains, or areas, throughout the country. The 2008 CAS includes valid anthropometric measurements of over seven thousand children, making it the largest national sample of child measurements ever collected in the country. The main purpose of the survey is to provide policymakers and planners with updated information on nutrition in light of steep increases in the price of food. In order to provide a comprehensive view on nutrition in the country, data on anthropometry, micronutrient deficiency, food consumption, disease, coping strategies, infant/young child feeding, and health services were included in the survey. In addition to the national survey, 400 households in the informal settlements of Phnom Penh were sampled using the same methodology and questionnaire.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Individual, Household, Child 0 to 59 months of age, Woman aged 15- 49 years old
Version
Version Description
Version 01: Final dataset of the survey.
Version Date
2009
Scope
Notes
The scope of the Cambodia Anthropometric Survey 2008 incudes:
1. Child anthropometry
2. Nutritional status of mothers
3. Child disease
4. Coping strategies
5. Food consumption
6. Infant & young child feeding
7. Child health services
8. Maternal health services
1. Child anthropometry
2. Nutritional status of mothers
3. Child disease
4. Coping strategies
5. Food consumption
6. Infant & young child feeding
7. Child health services
8. Maternal health services
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Health | World Bank |
| Nutrition | World Bank |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National Five (5) groups of provinces: Battambang and Krong Pailin, Kampot and Krong Kep, Krong Preah Sihanouk and Kaoh Kong, Preah Vihear and Steung Treng, Mondol Kiri and Rattanak Kiri Provincial (for only 14 provinces)
Universe
All private households with children 0 to 59 months of age.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics | Ministry of Planning |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| United Nations Children's Fund | Technical assistance |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| United Nations Children's Fund | UNICEF | Co-Funder |
| United Nations Development Programme | UNDP | Co-Funder |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
In order to get estimates on informal urban areas, two separate samples were collected. This was necessary because of different sampling frames. For the purpose of clarity the nationally representative sample is referred to as the "primary sample," while the sample covering informal urban areas is called the "secondary sample" in this section.
The selected design for the primary sample is a cross-sectional cluster survey with explicit stratification by province (domain) and implicit stratification by district and commune. Two of the core objectives of the survey are to provide estimates of child malnutrition at the provincial level for targeting of interventions and to identify provinces that have seen large changes in child malnutrition from 2005. In order to make disaggregated comparisons with the CDHS 2005 the same domains are used:
- Fourteen individual provinces: Banteay Mean Chey, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kandal, Kratie, Phnom Penh, Prey Veng, Pursat, Siem Reap, Svay Rieng, Takeo, and Otdar Mean Chey
- Five groups of provinces: Battambang and Krong Pailin, Kampot and Krong Kep, Krong Preah Sihanouk and Kaoh Kong, Preah Vihear and Steung Treng, Mondol Kiri and Rattanak Kiri
Within each of the nineteen domains, households were selected using a two-stage process. At the first stage enumeration areas from the 2008 National Census were selected based on probability proportional to size. At the second stage all households in enumeration areas with less than 200 households were listed. For those areas with more than 200 households segmentation was used and only selected segments were listed. Households with children under-five were included for a random selection of ten survey participant households. In each selected household all children were measured and their mother(s) or caretaker(s) interviewed, using a separate questionnaire for each mother or caretaker. Each participant has a known, non-zero probability of selection.
Sample size was determined using calculations to fulfill the primary objective of the survey, which is to determine if rising food prices have caused a change in the trend of child acute malnutrition from 2000 to the present day at the national level. Intra-class correlation was calculated using data from the CDHS 2005 and a predicted design effect of 1.31 was estimated.
The sample design of the secondary sample of impoverished, urban areas is based on the design for one domain of the primary sample. The entire sample consists of 400 households from 40 clusters. The power to detect differences between the secondary sample and primary sample is based on the same formula from Rosner and the same design effect calculation used in the primary sample design. With a sample of 400 individuals from 40 clusters the power to detect a five percentage point difference in wasting between the primary sample and the secondary sample is .86.
The sample size formula is available in the Cambodia Anthropometrics Survey 2008 Report.
The selected design for the primary sample is a cross-sectional cluster survey with explicit stratification by province (domain) and implicit stratification by district and commune. Two of the core objectives of the survey are to provide estimates of child malnutrition at the provincial level for targeting of interventions and to identify provinces that have seen large changes in child malnutrition from 2005. In order to make disaggregated comparisons with the CDHS 2005 the same domains are used:
- Fourteen individual provinces: Banteay Mean Chey, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kandal, Kratie, Phnom Penh, Prey Veng, Pursat, Siem Reap, Svay Rieng, Takeo, and Otdar Mean Chey
- Five groups of provinces: Battambang and Krong Pailin, Kampot and Krong Kep, Krong Preah Sihanouk and Kaoh Kong, Preah Vihear and Steung Treng, Mondol Kiri and Rattanak Kiri
Within each of the nineteen domains, households were selected using a two-stage process. At the first stage enumeration areas from the 2008 National Census were selected based on probability proportional to size. At the second stage all households in enumeration areas with less than 200 households were listed. For those areas with more than 200 households segmentation was used and only selected segments were listed. Households with children under-five were included for a random selection of ten survey participant households. In each selected household all children were measured and their mother(s) or caretaker(s) interviewed, using a separate questionnaire for each mother or caretaker. Each participant has a known, non-zero probability of selection.
Sample size was determined using calculations to fulfill the primary objective of the survey, which is to determine if rising food prices have caused a change in the trend of child acute malnutrition from 2000 to the present day at the national level. Intra-class correlation was calculated using data from the CDHS 2005 and a predicted design effect of 1.31 was estimated.
The sample design of the secondary sample of impoverished, urban areas is based on the design for one domain of the primary sample. The entire sample consists of 400 households from 40 clusters. The power to detect differences between the secondary sample and primary sample is based on the same formula from Rosner and the same design effect calculation used in the primary sample design. With a sample of 400 individuals from 40 clusters the power to detect a five percentage point difference in wasting between the primary sample and the secondary sample is .86.
The sample size formula is available in the Cambodia Anthropometrics Survey 2008 Report.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2008-11-06 | 2008-11-30 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
Interviewing was conducted by teams of interviewers. Each interviewing team comprised of 4 interviewers, a supervisor and a driver. Each team used a 4 wheel drive vehicle to travel from cluster to cluster.
The role of the supervisor was to coordinate field data collection activities, including management of the field teams, supplies and equipment, finances, maps and listings, coordinate with local authorities concerning the survey plan and make arrangements for accommodation and travel. Additionally, the field supervisor assigned the work to the interviewers, spot checked work, maintained field control documents, and sent completed questionnaires and progress reports to the central office.
Field visits were also made by a team of central staff on a periodic basis during fieldwork. The senior staff of NIS also made visits to field teams to provide support and to review progress.
The role of the supervisor was to coordinate field data collection activities, including management of the field teams, supplies and equipment, finances, maps and listings, coordinate with local authorities concerning the survey plan and make arrangements for accommodation and travel. Additionally, the field supervisor assigned the work to the interviewers, spot checked work, maintained field control documents, and sent completed questionnaires and progress reports to the central office.
Field visits were also made by a team of central staff on a periodic basis during fieldwork. The senior staff of NIS also made visits to field teams to provide support and to review progress.
Data Collection Notes
A pretest was held from the 27th-29th of October. Most enumerators for this survey had previous experience with the Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey and all attended a three-day training from the 3rd-5th of November, which focused on selecting a sample, familiarizing staff with the questionnaire, and hands-on training in anthropometry. Data collection ran from the 6th of November until the end of the month. An extended rainy season meant that a few villages were not accessible during the month of November. Teams returned to the field from mid-December until the end of December to interview in these villages.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics | NIS | Ministry of Planning |
| Provincial Planning Department | PPD | Ministry of Planning |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The questionnaire for this survey is designed to make trend analysis possible. It is largely based on the 2005 CDHS questionnaire. The questions used to calculate indicators shared by CAS 2008 and CDHS 2005 are identical. Indicators of coping strategies are compared to the CDRI 2008 survey and the questions used in CAS 2008 are the same as CDRI 2008. The layout of the questionnaire is designed to ensure data collection could be carried out in one month. The CAS 2008 questionnaire consists of three sections: household, child, and mother. The household section includes a list of women, their anthropometric measurements and questions on socio-economic characteristics and coping strategies. The child section consists of a child list and anthropometric measurements. A separate child section was given to each mother age 15-49 years in the household. The final section includes background characteristics, disease, health services, and food consumption. For some indicators CAS 2008 does differ from the CDHS 2005 because the base population of some indicators is different. All comparisons made in this report are of comparable estimates. A detailed account of analysis is provided in the Analysis Methodology section.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data entry personnel were familiarized with the survey questionnaire through training before processing began. Data entry architecture was custom built for the survey using SQL and checks were built in to the program to minimize data entry error. Data processing was carried out by 20 staff, began at the beginning of December and was finished by mid-February.
Access policy
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director General | National Institute of Statistics | sythan@forum.org.kh | www.nis.gov.kh |
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director, Social Statistics Department | National Institute of Statistics | tith_vong@yahoo.com | www.nis.gov.kh |
| Data User Service Center | National Institute of Statistics | dusc@nis.gov.kh | http://www.nis.gov.kh/ |
Confidentiality
The Statistics Law Article 22 specifies matters of confidentiality. It explicitly says that all staff working with statistics within the Government of Cambodia "shall ensure confidentiality of all individual information obtained from respondents, except under special circumstances with the consent of the Minister of Planning. The information collected under this Law is to be used only for statistical purposes."
Access conditions
1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of the National Institute of Statistics.
2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Institute of Statistics.
4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the National Institute of Statistics, or among data from the National Institute of Statistics and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Institute of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the National Institute of Statistics.
2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Institute of Statistics.
4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the National Institute of Statistics, or among data from the National Institute of Statistics and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Institute of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the National Institute of Statistics.
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
National Institute of Statistics (NIS), Cambodia. Cambodia Anthropometrics Survey 2008. Ref. KHM_2008_AS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://www.nis.gov.kh/nada/index.php/catalog on [date].
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
National Institute of Statistics (NIS), Cambodia. Cambodia Anthropometrics Survey 2008. Ref. KHM_2008_AS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://www.nis.gov.kh/nada/index.php/catalog on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia beares no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_KHM_2008_AS_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Po Mao | PM | NIS | Archivist |
| Accelerated Data Program | ADP | International Household Survey Network | Editing for IHSN Survey Catalog |
Date of Metadata Production
2011-09-12
DDI Document version
Version 1.0 - National Institute of Statistics - Original documentation of the study.
Version 2.0 - Edited version by ADP based on Version 1.0 of NIS downloaded from http://www.nis.gov.kh/nada/index.php/catalog on 14 May 2013.
Version 2.0 - Edited version by ADP based on Version 1.0 of NIS downloaded from http://www.nis.gov.kh/nada/index.php/catalog on 14 May 2013.