Enterprise Survey 2012

Russian Federation, 2011 - 2012

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Reference ID

RUS_2012_ES_v01_M_WB

Producer(s)

World Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

Metadata

DDI/XML JSON

Created on

Mar 24, 2013

Last modified

Mar 29, 2019

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Spending on R&D, either in-house or outsourced? (h6)

Data file: Russia-2012-full data

Overview

Valid: 4220

Invalid: 0

Type: Discrete

Decimal: 0

Start: 1854

End: 1867

Width: 14

Range: -

Format:

Questions and instructions

Literal question

During the last three years, did this establishment spend on research and development activities, either in-house or contracted with other companies (outsourced)?

Categories

Value	Category
-9	Don't know
-8	Refusal
-7	Does not apply
1	Yes
2	No

Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.

Interviewer instructions

INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARDS IN THIS SECTION CONTAIN EXAMPLES OF INNOVATIONS. THEY ARE MEANT AS EXAMPLES ONLY - THEY DO NOT CONTAIN ALL POSSIBLE INNOVATIONS.

INTERVIEWER: Research and development (R&D) is defined as creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge. For example, laboratory research for a new chemical compound of paint would be research and development while market research surveys or internet surfing would not be research and development.

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