Time Use Survey 2007
Pakistan, 2007
Identification
PAK_2007_TUS_v01_M
Time Use Survey 2007
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Pakistan | PAK |
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
The 1st nation wide time use survey has been enumerated through January-December 2007
A primary objective of the national Time Use Survey in Pakistan is to account for the 24 hours time in term of the full spectrum of activities carried out during the duration. The objectives of the survey are specified as under:-
- To profile the quantum and distribution of paid/unpaid work as a means to infer policy/programme implications from the perspective of gender equity.
- To collect and analyze the time use pattern of the individuals in order to help draw inferences for employment and welfare programmes.
- To collect and analyze the comprehensive information about the time spent by people on marketed and non-marketed economic activities covered under the 1993-SNA, non-marketed non-SNA activities within the General Production Boundary and personal care and related activities that cannot be delegated to others.
- To use the data in generating more reliable estimates on work force.
Households
Individuals
Scope
The survey takes all of the respondent's activities into account whether performed in succession or simultaneously. However, time spent on simultaneous activities in half an hour slot is divided by their number to allocate time to individual activities carried out simultaneously so as the total time spent does not exceed the 24 hours duration. Simultaneous activities were mainly observed during morning and evening hours.
Coverage
The survey covers all urban and rural areas of the four provinces of Pakistan defined as such by 1998 Population Census excluding Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and certain administrative areas of NWFP. The population of geographic areas excluded from the survey constitutes about 2 percent of the total population as enumerated in 1998 Population Census. The population excluded is located in difficult terrain and its enumeration through personal interview is not possible within the given constraints of time, access and cost.
The universe consists of all urban and rural areas of the four provinces of Pakistan, defined as such by Population Census 1998, excluding FATA & Military Restricted Areas. The population of excluded area constitutes about 3% of the total population and is located in different terrain.
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Federal Bureau of Statistics | Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Strengthening PRS Monitoring Project, Ministry of Finance | Sponsorship and support |
| Gender Responsive Budgeting Initiative | Sponsorship and support |
Sampling
Sampling Frame
Federal Bureau of Statistics has developed its own sampling frame for all urban areas of the country. Each city/town has been divided into a number of enumeration blocks. Each enumeration block consists of 200-250 households on the average with well-defined boundaries and maps. The sampling frame i.e. lists of enumeration blocks as up-dated through Economic Census 2003-04 and the lists of villages/mouzas/dehs published by Population Census Organization as a result of 1998 Population Census have been taken as sampling frame. Enumeration blocks and villages are considered as primary sampling unites (PSUs) for urban and rural domain respectively.
Stratification
a) Urban Domain
i) Large Sized Cities
Karachi, Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Multan, Sialkot, Sargodha, Bahawapur, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Peshawar, Quetta and Islamabad are considered as large sized cities. Each of these cities constitutes a separate stratum which is further sub-stratified according to low, middle, high income groups based on the information collected in respect of each enumeration block at the time of demarcation/up-dating of urban area sampling frame.
ii) Remaining urban areas
After excluding the population of large sized cities from the population of respective administrative division, the remaining urban population of administrative division of four provinces is grouped together to form a stratum called other urban. Thus ex-division in remaining urban areas in the four provinces constitutes a stratum.
b) Rural Domain
In rural domain, each administrative district in the Punjab, Sindh and NWF Provinces is considered as independent and explicit stratum whereas, in Balochistan, each administrative division constitutes a stratum.
Sample size and its Allocation
Keeping in view the resources available, a sample size of 19600 sample households has been considered appropriate to provide estimates of key characteristics at the desired level. The entire sample of households (SSUs) has been drawn from 1388 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) out of which 652 are urban and 736 are rural. In order to control seasonal variation etc. sample has been distributed evenly over four quarters. This has facilitated to capture the variation due to any seasonal activity as urban population is more heterogeneous therefore, a higher proportion of sample size has been allocated to urban domain. Similarly NWFP and Balochistan being the smaller province, have been assigned higher proportion of sample in order to get reliable estimates. After fixing the sample size at provincial level, further distribution of sample PSUs to different strata in rural and urban domains in each province has been made proportionately.
Sample Design
A three-stage stratified sample design has been adopted for the survey.
Sample Selection Procedure
a) Selection of Primary Sampling Unites (PSUs)
Enumeration blocks in urban domain and mouzas/dehs/villages in rural domain are taken as primary sampling unites (PSUs). In the urban domain, sample PSUs from each ultimate stratum/sub-stratum is selected with probability proportional to size (PPS) method of sampling scheme. In urban domain, the number of households in enumeration block as up-dated through Economic Census 2003-04 and population of 1998 Census for each village/mouza/deh are considered as measure of size.
b) Section of Secondary Sampling Units (SSUs)
Households within sample PSUs are taken as secondary sampling unites (SSUs). A specified number of households i.e. 12 from each urban sample PSU and 16 from each rural sample PSU are selected with equal probability using systematic sampling technique with a random start. Different households are selected in each quarter.
c) Selection of Third Stage Sampling Units i.e. Individuals/Persons (TSUs)
From the sample households, individuals/persons aged 10+ years within each sample households (SSUs) have been taken as third stage sampling units (TSUs). Two individuals aged 10 years and above among the eligible individuals/persons from each sample household have been interviewed using a selection grid.The grid and selection steps are detailed on p13 of the survey report available under external resources.
Survey instrument
The questionnaire has been framed in the light of contemporary precedents and practices in vogue in the developing countries. The recommendations of Gender Responsive Budgeting Initiatives (GRBI) expert who visited Pakistan in June 2006 have been taken into account. Further, the advice of local experts hailing both from data producing and using agencies has also been considered. Survey Questionnaire and Manual of Instructions, for the Supervisors & Enumerators, was finalized jointly by Federal Bureau of Statistics and GRBI Project staff. The questionnaire was also pre-tested and reviewed accordingly. The questionnaire adopted for the survey is given at Annexure-A.
All the households selected in the sample stand interviewed. Diary part of the questionnaire is filled-in from two respondents selected from each of the enumerated households. The questionnaire consists of the following six parts.
Section-1: Identification of the area, respondents, detail of field visits and staff entrusted with supervision, editing and coding.
Section-2: Detailed information about the socio-economic and demographic particulars of the selected households and individuals. Some of the important household characteristics i.e. ownership status and type of the household, earthquake damage, household items, sources of energy, drinking water, transport, health & education facilities, sources of income, monthly income, age and sex composition of the population.
Section-3: Demographic detail such as age, sex, marital status, educational level, having children, employment status, source of income etc. of the selected respondent of that household
Section-4: Comprised of diary to record the activities performed by the first selected respondent through the 24 hours period between 4.00 a.m. of the day preceding the day of interview and 3.00 a.m. on the day of the interview. Section-5 and 6 pertain to the second selected respondent of the selected household.
The diary which is the core instrument of the time use study is divided into forty eight half-hour slots. An open ended question about the activities performed during the thirty minutes was asked from the respondent. Provision for minimum of recording three activities through half hour slot was made. In case of reporting more than one activity, the respondent was probed whether these activities were carried out simultaneously or one after the other. Similarly, the two locations of performing the activities were also investigated in the diary part of the questionnaire. The activities recorded in the diary are then coded by the field enumerator according to the activity classification given at Annex-B.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2007 | 2007 |
Soon after data collection, the field supervisors manually clean, edit and check the filled in questionnaire and refer back to field where necessary. This does not take much time since most of the manual editing is done in the field.
Training of Field Staff
At Regional Office level, comprehensive training was imparted directly to field staff of TUS team comprising regular male enumerators & supervisors and the female enumerators recruited on contract basis for this Survey. The training course imparted instructions in general interviewing techniques, field procedure, concepts and definitions of terms used in the questionnaire, recording and coding of activities in diary. To keep the quality and adequacy of data on track, supervisors from field as well as, the Headquarter, made frequent visit to field for spot-checking during data collection process. GRBI local representatives also visited certain areas of Punjab and Sindh. During enumeration, one common problem faced by the FBS regular TUS team was the exit of trained female enumerators on resignation and entry of newly recruited female enumerators. A lot of time was spent in arranging training session for the new comers. Any how, with the concerted efforts of the FBS regular staff, the field enumeration was started in January 2007 and completed by 31st December 2007. In total 100 enumerators and 20 field supervisors were deployed to carryout the field activities.
Data processing
Soon after data collection, the field supervisors manually clean, edit and check the filled in questionnaire and refer back to field where necessary. This does not take much time since most of the manual editing is done in the field.
Further editing is done by the subject matter section at the Headquarter. Also during data entry, further editing of error identified by applying computer edit checks is done. In edit checks, data ranges in numerical values are used to eliminate erroneous data as a result of mistakes made during coding. Thus, the survey records are edited and corrected through a series of computer processing stages.
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Federal Bureau of Statistics | Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan | http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/data-dissemination | pba@pbs.gov.pk |
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes | It will be ensured that the statistics supplied will not disclose in any way the identity and state of affairs of any individual, firm or institution in strict compliance of the General Statistics Act, 1975. |
a. The user shall provide an undertaking that the data collected from PBS will not be supplied to any other person/organization either free of cost or on payment.
b. The user shall acknowledge the source of data and supply copies of the research work/articles (published/unpublished) to PBS.
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Federal Bureau of Statistics | Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan | pbs@pbs.gov.pk | www.pbs.gov.pk |
| Microdata Library | World Bank | microdatalib@worldbank.org |
Metadata production
DDI_PAK_2007_TUS_v01_M_WB
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Development Economics Data Group | World Bank | Documentation of the DDI |
2013-08-28
Metadata version
Version 01 (August 2013)