Socio-Economic Survey, Household Schedule 10: Employment and Unemployment July, 1999-June, 2000 - IPUMS Subset
India, 1999 - 2000
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Reference ID
IND_1999_NSS55-SCH10_v01_M_v03_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
National Sample Survey Organization, Government of India, Minnesota Population Center
Created on
Sep 29, 2011
Last modified
Mar 29, 2019
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- Data files
- IND1999-H-H
- IND1999-P-H
Reason for leaving last usual residence (IN1999A_0418)
Data file: IND1999-P-H
Overview
Valid:
0
Invalid:
0
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
166
End:
167
Width:
2
Range:
-
Format:
Questions and instructions
Literal question
If code 1 in question 13
[Questions 14-20 were asked of persons whose place of enumeration differed from last usual place of residence, per question 13.]
Usual activity at the time of migration
[Questions 18-19.]
20. Reason for leaving the last usual place of residence:
[] 01 In search of employment
[] 02 In search of better employment
[] 03 To take up employment/better employment
[] 04 Transfer of service/contract
[] 05 Proximity to place of work
[] 06 Studies
[] 07 Acquisition of own house/flat
[] 08 Housing problems
[] 09 Social/political problems
[] 10 Health
[] 11 Marriage
[] 12 Migration of parent/earning member of the family
[] 19 Others
[Questions 14-20 were asked of persons whose place of enumeration differed from last usual place of residence, per question 13.]
Usual activity at the time of migration
[Questions 18-19.]
20. Reason for leaving the last usual place of residence:
[] 01 In search of employment
[] 02 In search of better employment
[] 03 To take up employment/better employment
[] 04 Transfer of service/contract
[] 05 Proximity to place of work
[] 06 Studies
[] 07 Acquisition of own house/flat
[] 08 Housing problems
[] 09 Social/political problems
[] 10 Health
[] 11 Marriage
[] 12 Migration of parent/earning member of the family
[] 19 Others
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 1 | In search of employment |
| 2 | In search of better employment |
| 3 | To take up employment/better employment |
| 4 | Transfer of service/contract |
| 5 | Proximity to place of work |
| 6 | Studies |
| 7 | Acquisition of own house/flat |
| 8 | Housing problems |
| 9 | Social/ political problems |
| 10 | Health |
| 11 | Marriage |
| 12 | Migration of parent/earning member of the family |
| 19 | Others |
| 98 | Unknown |
| 99 | NIU (not in universe) |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
5.4.13 Columns (14)-(20): Columns (14) to (20) will be filled in only for those persons whose place of enumeration is different from the place of last upr (i.e., for those with code 1 recorded in col. 13).
5.4.19 Column (20): Reason for leaving last upr: For each person who had changed the last upr, the reason for doing so will be ascertained and recorded in terms of codes in this column. Only the reason for leaving the last upr (i.e., the one immediately before coming to the place of enumeration) will be considered. Codes for making entries in this column are:
01 In search of employment
02 In search of better employment
03 To take up employment/better employment
04 Transfer of service/contract
05 Proximity to place of work
06 Studies
07 Acquisition of own house/flat
08 Housing problems
09 Social/ political problems
10 Health
11 Marriage
12 Migration of parent/earning member of the family
19 Others
The reason for migration has to be arrived at after suitable probes for each member of the household whose last upr was different from the place of enumeration. It may be noted that different members will report different reasons. Head of the household might have moved on transfer, but to members of family will be moving due to his movement only and not due to transfer of service. A few illustrative cases will help in clarifying the different reasons further. (These are not exhaustive and are given only as guidelines).
(i) Persons who move to a city or town in search of employment will be given code 1 if they were not already in employment at the time of leaving.
(ii) Persons who were employed at the last upr, but have come to the place of enumeration in search of better employment or regular employment or for other occupations will be given code 2.
(iii) The first two cases are different from the persons who come to the place of enumeration to take up jobs. These persons were not in search of jobs but were offered jobs for the first time or were offered better jobs than the one they were having at the last upr. They will be assigned code 3.
(iv) Transfer of service/contract will include persons who as part of the employment contract or service liability move from one place of posting to another. Regular employees like Govt. servants on transfer will fall in this category.
(v) Persons who had moved in order to be nearer to their places of work will be given code 5. These are people who move either to sub-urban towns or to nearby cities and should be distinguished from the earlier cases by noting that such persons do not move place to take up their jobs but only at a later period, with the explicit purpose of avoiding or reducing commuting to place of work or other similar reasons.
(vi) Students and others who leave their upr for further studies due to lack of requisite facilities at the last upr or other reasons will be classified under code 6. If a person changes upr to pursue his studies and at the same time looks for employment, which is the case in many occasions, the factor which is basic for his change of residence should be considered. No priority rule exists in recording reason codes.
(vii) Persons who move to a place to stay in a house/flat acquired by them will be given code 7. Here again the reason for movement should be directly attributable to the acquisition. Persons who on retirement move to their own house etc. will not be included.
(viii) Certain persons move from metropolitan cities or large towns to nearby smaller towns or other areas due to the problems of getting suitable accommodation or high rent etc. in the city or town of original residence. Such cases may be reported in villages also. They will be categorized under code 8.
(ix) Migration arising out of social or political problems including communal problems will be recorded under code 9.
(x) Persons sometimes move from one place to another due to the availability of better medical facilities for treatment or because of the unsuitable weather in the last upr etc. They will be counted as leaving upr for health reasons.
(xi) A substantial number of women in India change their upr after marriage to join their husbands. Person, whose change in upr occurs exclusively due to marriage will be given code 11.
(xii) In many cases of household migration, the members are passive movers in the sense that their changing upr is purely as a result of the parent or earning member changing upr. That the members might benefit by such moves in other ways should not count. Such passive movers will be recorded with code 12.
(xiii) Reasons for migration which cannot be classified into any of the cases with codes 1 to 12 will be assigned code 19.
5.4.19 Column (20): Reason for leaving last upr: For each person who had changed the last upr, the reason for doing so will be ascertained and recorded in terms of codes in this column. Only the reason for leaving the last upr (i.e., the one immediately before coming to the place of enumeration) will be considered. Codes for making entries in this column are:
01 In search of employment
02 In search of better employment
03 To take up employment/better employment
04 Transfer of service/contract
05 Proximity to place of work
06 Studies
07 Acquisition of own house/flat
08 Housing problems
09 Social/ political problems
10 Health
11 Marriage
12 Migration of parent/earning member of the family
19 Others
The reason for migration has to be arrived at after suitable probes for each member of the household whose last upr was different from the place of enumeration. It may be noted that different members will report different reasons. Head of the household might have moved on transfer, but to members of family will be moving due to his movement only and not due to transfer of service. A few illustrative cases will help in clarifying the different reasons further. (These are not exhaustive and are given only as guidelines).
(i) Persons who move to a city or town in search of employment will be given code 1 if they were not already in employment at the time of leaving.
(ii) Persons who were employed at the last upr, but have come to the place of enumeration in search of better employment or regular employment or for other occupations will be given code 2.
(iii) The first two cases are different from the persons who come to the place of enumeration to take up jobs. These persons were not in search of jobs but were offered jobs for the first time or were offered better jobs than the one they were having at the last upr. They will be assigned code 3.
(iv) Transfer of service/contract will include persons who as part of the employment contract or service liability move from one place of posting to another. Regular employees like Govt. servants on transfer will fall in this category.
(v) Persons who had moved in order to be nearer to their places of work will be given code 5. These are people who move either to sub-urban towns or to nearby cities and should be distinguished from the earlier cases by noting that such persons do not move place to take up their jobs but only at a later period, with the explicit purpose of avoiding or reducing commuting to place of work or other similar reasons.
(vi) Students and others who leave their upr for further studies due to lack of requisite facilities at the last upr or other reasons will be classified under code 6. If a person changes upr to pursue his studies and at the same time looks for employment, which is the case in many occasions, the factor which is basic for his change of residence should be considered. No priority rule exists in recording reason codes.
(vii) Persons who move to a place to stay in a house/flat acquired by them will be given code 7. Here again the reason for movement should be directly attributable to the acquisition. Persons who on retirement move to their own house etc. will not be included.
(viii) Certain persons move from metropolitan cities or large towns to nearby smaller towns or other areas due to the problems of getting suitable accommodation or high rent etc. in the city or town of original residence. Such cases may be reported in villages also. They will be categorized under code 8.
(ix) Migration arising out of social or political problems including communal problems will be recorded under code 9.
(x) Persons sometimes move from one place to another due to the availability of better medical facilities for treatment or because of the unsuitable weather in the last upr etc. They will be counted as leaving upr for health reasons.
(xi) A substantial number of women in India change their upr after marriage to join their husbands. Person, whose change in upr occurs exclusively due to marriage will be given code 11.
(xii) In many cases of household migration, the members are passive movers in the sense that their changing upr is purely as a result of the parent or earning member changing upr. That the members might benefit by such moves in other ways should not count. Such passive movers will be recorded with code 12.
(xiii) Reasons for migration which cannot be classified into any of the cases with codes 1 to 12 will be assigned code 19.
Description
Definition
This variable indicates the reason for leaving the last usual residence.
Universe
Persons whose enumeration place differs from their place of birth
concept
Concept
| Name | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Migration Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |