Population and Housing Census 2000 - IPUMS Subset
Mongolia, 2000
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Reference ID
MNG_2000_PHC_v01_M_v03_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
National Statistical Office of Mongolia, Minnesota Population Center
Created on
Sep 29, 2011
Last modified
Mar 29, 2019
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- Data files
- MNG2000-H-H
- MNG2000-P-H
Class of worker (MN2000A_0425)
Data file: MNG2000-P-H
Overview
Valid:
0
Invalid:
0
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
203
End:
203
Width:
1
Range:
-
Format:
Questions and instructions
Literal question
[Questions 16-18 were asked of persons age 15+ who worked during last week.]
18. Employment status:
[] 1 Employee
[] 2 Employer
[] 3 Self-employed
[] 4 Member of cooperative
[] 5 Household member working without payment in family's business or farm
[] 6 Other
18. Employment status:
[] 1 Employee
[] 2 Employer
[] 3 Self-employed
[] 4 Member of cooperative
[] 5 Household member working without payment in family's business or farm
[] 6 Other
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 1 | Employee |
| 2 | Employer |
| 3 | Self employed |
| 4 | Member of cooperative |
| 5 | Household member working |
| 6 | Other |
| 9 | NIU (not in universe) |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
Question 18
Employment status
This question should be asked for the person who has answered "Yes" to question number 15. The enumerator should discuss with the person who they are enumerating about his or her employee and establishment which he or she works for and the corresponding code will be selected based on the labor contract and responsibility.
If any person had more than one economic activity--wage employment or self-employment--during the reference period then the secondary occupation is the one which the respondent accepts as the most important based on time spent and income earned from different activities and other considerations like social and legal status among all occupations of the person excluding the primary occupation.
a. Employee-1
An employee is a person who works for a public or private employer and receives remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates or payment in kind. The following officers will be defined as an employer:
1. All people who work at public administration and budgetary establishments
The high ranking officials such as a minister, governors will not be defined as an employee even if they are selected or appointed and have right to hire and fire employee, because they work at governmental agency that has been supported by the state budget.
[p. 28]
2. Paid employee. This refers to a person who works at a private company, cooperative, limited company/member of cooperatives and owner of those enterprises will not be included in it/and person who works at industries with state ownership.
3. Officer of Non-Governmental Organizations.
a) People who work at public organizations such as a trade unions, political parties
b) People who work at religious organizations
c) People who work at charity and humanity organizations.
d) Others
b. Employer-2
A person who operates an enterprise or a person who operates an enterprise in partnership with others, or engages independently in a profession or trade, with the aid of one or more employees is considered as an employer.
c. Self employed-3
A person who operates an enterprise or a person who operates an enterprise in partnership with others, without the aid of an employee is considered as an own account worker. However, the person may get the assistance of unpaid family workers.
d. Cooperative members-4
Cooperative members are persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise. A cooperative may also be defined as a business owned by the people who use its services. They are based on the values of self-help, self-responsibility, equality, equity.
e. Unpaid family worker-5
A person who works in an enterprise operated by a member of his household or by a group of persons including at least one member of his household, without a payment in cash or in kind.
The following people will be included in this group:
a) Members other than the head of household who engaged in household business.
b) A person who participates in household business but not household members.
f. Others-6
If a person works at some other place that cannot be classified by "a" to e", then it will be included in this group. A self-employed person who is engaged in trade or other service work such as shoe repairing will not be included in this group.
Guideline to fill Questions number 15-19 of the Questionnaire
The enumerator should fill out the questions related to the employment and main activity of enterprise, with many details (not general) and make it easy to understand for coding people. In the employment section, if the person is a teacher, it should be clarified by asking what does he or she teaches? There is an example to make it more understandable.
A. The main activity of person should be detailed. For instance, the person would say his or her employment as a manager and should indicate his or her main activity as an "industry and trade". In this case, the enumerator should ask if he is a sales manager or general manager and at which division does he or she work for? What kind of economic activity does your enterprise do?
[p. 30]
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Advertisement manager
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Sale and production of salami and meat product
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1
It should be clarified by asking "Do you have salary? Do you own this enterprise? If he or she does not own this enterprise or contributed his or her own property to this enterprise, he or she will be defined as a contract worker.
2. If a person owns that enterprise, the main activity of the enterprise will remain the same as a "trade" and his or her employment would be a "sales person". It should be clarified with many details that trade is wholesale, retail trade or intellectual work trade. For instance, wholesale of vegetables, retail trade of shoes in the black market.
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Vegetables salesperson
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Wholesale trade of vegetables
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1
In this case, the person who works in the wholesale trade of vegetables as a salesperson is a contract worker because he or she gets paid working as a salesperson. It must be clarified that whose property is in this trade, if he or she did not contribute any property to this trade, he or she will be defined as a contract employer.
3. Occupational jobs should be clarified in a very detailed manner, too. If the person is an operator, it should be clarified what kind of machine or equipment operator does he or she do? For instance, the person who works at "Hotol cement" company as an operator, he or she should answer own employment as following:
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Equipment operator of cement production
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Cement company
18. Employment status: Cooperative member-4
In this case, it is understandable or certain, a person who works at a cement company as a paid employer and his or her employment status will be defined as a contract employer.
[p. 31]
B. Example to fill in the questions about employment of person who work at more than one job
1. If a person worked at more than one job one week prior to the reference period, the main job should be registered in the questionnaire. The main job is the one that was worked at the longest during the reference period (1 week) of the census. If the worked hours at both jobs is the same, then the job with the higher income will be registered in the questionnaire. For instance, accountant Ms. Dulmaa works at a commercial bank as a general accountant but also works at small private shop as a accountant, the main job will be a general accountant and the main economic activity will be registered as an "activity of monetary circulation".
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: General accountant
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Activity of monetary circulation
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1
In this case, Ms. Dulmaa works at the commercial bank as a general accountant and she is a contract worker. Because she gets paid working as a general accountant, it should be clarified whose property is in the commercial bank, and if she did not contribute any property to this bank, her employment will be defined as a contract employer.
C. An example to fill the questions about self-employed person.
1. Questions 15-18, related to the employment of person aged 15 and over who works at household businesses (livestock, farming etc) except the head of households, should be filled out as follows:
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Herder
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Unpaid family worker-5
People who do not get paid from their work in a household business should have their employment status defined as "unpaid family worker". The employment status of those people cannot be defined as "self-employed" because they are participating in their own household business but are not engaged with any industrial activity that is independent.
[p. 32]
2. If a person engages in the household business and hires any other household members permanently, the employment status of the head of household will be defined as a" employer" not self-employed.
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Owner
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Unpaid family worker-5
The employment status of the person who is engaged in retail trade, craftsman or service without any permission, will be filled out as "self-employed" because they are engaged with their own business that is independent. If a person says that he or she works at a car cleaning service, it should be clarified by asking, what kind of car does he/she clean, where does he or she work?
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Car cleaner
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Self-employed-3
Employment status
This question should be asked for the person who has answered "Yes" to question number 15. The enumerator should discuss with the person who they are enumerating about his or her employee and establishment which he or she works for and the corresponding code will be selected based on the labor contract and responsibility.
If any person had more than one economic activity--wage employment or self-employment--during the reference period then the secondary occupation is the one which the respondent accepts as the most important based on time spent and income earned from different activities and other considerations like social and legal status among all occupations of the person excluding the primary occupation.
a. Employee-1
An employee is a person who works for a public or private employer and receives remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates or payment in kind. The following officers will be defined as an employer:
1. All people who work at public administration and budgetary establishments
The high ranking officials such as a minister, governors will not be defined as an employee even if they are selected or appointed and have right to hire and fire employee, because they work at governmental agency that has been supported by the state budget.
[p. 28]
2. Paid employee. This refers to a person who works at a private company, cooperative, limited company/member of cooperatives and owner of those enterprises will not be included in it/and person who works at industries with state ownership.
3. Officer of Non-Governmental Organizations.
a) People who work at public organizations such as a trade unions, political parties
b) People who work at religious organizations
c) People who work at charity and humanity organizations.
d) Others
b. Employer-2
A person who operates an enterprise or a person who operates an enterprise in partnership with others, or engages independently in a profession or trade, with the aid of one or more employees is considered as an employer.
c. Self employed-3
A person who operates an enterprise or a person who operates an enterprise in partnership with others, without the aid of an employee is considered as an own account worker. However, the person may get the assistance of unpaid family workers.
d. Cooperative members-4
Cooperative members are persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise. A cooperative may also be defined as a business owned by the people who use its services. They are based on the values of self-help, self-responsibility, equality, equity.
e. Unpaid family worker-5
A person who works in an enterprise operated by a member of his household or by a group of persons including at least one member of his household, without a payment in cash or in kind.
The following people will be included in this group:
a) Members other than the head of household who engaged in household business.
b) A person who participates in household business but not household members.
f. Others-6
If a person works at some other place that cannot be classified by "a" to e", then it will be included in this group. A self-employed person who is engaged in trade or other service work such as shoe repairing will not be included in this group.
Guideline to fill Questions number 15-19 of the Questionnaire
The enumerator should fill out the questions related to the employment and main activity of enterprise, with many details (not general) and make it easy to understand for coding people. In the employment section, if the person is a teacher, it should be clarified by asking what does he or she teaches? There is an example to make it more understandable.
A. The main activity of person should be detailed. For instance, the person would say his or her employment as a manager and should indicate his or her main activity as an "industry and trade". In this case, the enumerator should ask if he is a sales manager or general manager and at which division does he or she work for? What kind of economic activity does your enterprise do?
[p. 30]
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Advertisement manager
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Sale and production of salami and meat product
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1
It should be clarified by asking "Do you have salary? Do you own this enterprise? If he or she does not own this enterprise or contributed his or her own property to this enterprise, he or she will be defined as a contract worker.
2. If a person owns that enterprise, the main activity of the enterprise will remain the same as a "trade" and his or her employment would be a "sales person". It should be clarified with many details that trade is wholesale, retail trade or intellectual work trade. For instance, wholesale of vegetables, retail trade of shoes in the black market.
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Vegetables salesperson
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Wholesale trade of vegetables
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1
In this case, the person who works in the wholesale trade of vegetables as a salesperson is a contract worker because he or she gets paid working as a salesperson. It must be clarified that whose property is in this trade, if he or she did not contribute any property to this trade, he or she will be defined as a contract employer.
3. Occupational jobs should be clarified in a very detailed manner, too. If the person is an operator, it should be clarified what kind of machine or equipment operator does he or she do? For instance, the person who works at "Hotol cement" company as an operator, he or she should answer own employment as following:
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Equipment operator of cement production
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Cement company
18. Employment status: Cooperative member-4
In this case, it is understandable or certain, a person who works at a cement company as a paid employer and his or her employment status will be defined as a contract employer.
[p. 31]
B. Example to fill in the questions about employment of person who work at more than one job
1. If a person worked at more than one job one week prior to the reference period, the main job should be registered in the questionnaire. The main job is the one that was worked at the longest during the reference period (1 week) of the census. If the worked hours at both jobs is the same, then the job with the higher income will be registered in the questionnaire. For instance, accountant Ms. Dulmaa works at a commercial bank as a general accountant but also works at small private shop as a accountant, the main job will be a general accountant and the main economic activity will be registered as an "activity of monetary circulation".
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: General accountant
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Activity of monetary circulation
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1
In this case, Ms. Dulmaa works at the commercial bank as a general accountant and she is a contract worker. Because she gets paid working as a general accountant, it should be clarified whose property is in the commercial bank, and if she did not contribute any property to this bank, her employment will be defined as a contract employer.
C. An example to fill the questions about self-employed person.
1. Questions 15-18, related to the employment of person aged 15 and over who works at household businesses (livestock, farming etc) except the head of households, should be filled out as follows:
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Herder
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Unpaid family worker-5
People who do not get paid from their work in a household business should have their employment status defined as "unpaid family worker". The employment status of those people cannot be defined as "self-employed" because they are participating in their own household business but are not engaged with any industrial activity that is independent.
[p. 32]
2. If a person engages in the household business and hires any other household members permanently, the employment status of the head of household will be defined as a" employer" not self-employed.
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Owner
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Unpaid family worker-5
The employment status of the person who is engaged in retail trade, craftsman or service without any permission, will be filled out as "self-employed" because they are engaged with their own business that is independent. If a person says that he or she works at a car cleaning service, it should be clarified by asking, what kind of car does he/she clean, where does he or she work?
15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Car cleaner
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Self-employed-3
Description
Definition
This variable indicates the person's employment status during last week prior to census.
Universe
Persons age 15+ who worked last week before census
concept
Concept
| Name | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Work Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |