Octavo Censo Nacional de Población y Cuarto de Vivienda de Panamá 1980 - IPUMS Subset
Panama, 1980
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Reference ID
PAN_1980_PHC_v01_M_v03_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
Contraloria General de la Republica, Direccion de Estadistica y Censo, Minnesota Population Center
Created on
Sep 29, 2011
Last modified
Mar 29, 2019
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- Data files
- PAN1980-H-H
- PAN1980-P-H
Occupation (3-digit) (PA1980A_0446)
Data file: PAN1980-P-H
Overview
Valid:
0
Invalid:
0
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
238
End:
240
Width:
3
Range:
-
Format:
Questions and instructions
Literal question
17. What occupation, position, or type of work did you perform during the last week, or the last time you worked?
Example: auto mechanic, furniture-maker, doctor of dentistry. For one who has never worked, mark the box "new worker" and skip to question 25.
Occupation ________
[] New worker
_ _ _ _ [4-character blank for unspecified use appears here]
Example: auto mechanic, furniture-maker, doctor of dentistry. For one who has never worked, mark the box "new worker" and skip to question 25.
Occupation ________
[] New worker
_ _ _ _ [4-character blank for unspecified use appears here]
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 0 | Architects |
| 1 | Civil engineers |
| 2 | Electrical and electronic engineers |
| 3 | Mechanical, industrial, and mining engineers |
| 4 | Agronomists and forestry engineers |
| 5 | Other engineers not in another category |
| 6 | Topographers |
| 7 | Drafters and cartographers |
| 8 | Non-professional technicians in similar occupations |
| 10 | Chemists, biochemists, and similar occupations |
| 11 | Physicists and other specialists in similar sciences |
| 12 | Bacteriologists and similar occupations |
| 13 | Technicians in biological and agricultural sciences |
| 14 | Laboratory technicians not in another category |
| 20 | Agronomists, phytopathologists, and similar occupations |
| 21 | Veterinarians and similar occupations |
| 22 | Biologists, naturalists, zoo technicians, and similar occupations |
| 30 | Doctors |
| 31 | Surgeons |
| 32 | Dentists |
| 40 | Optometrists and opticians |
| 41 | Therapists, physical therapists, and similar technicians |
| 42 | Pharmacists |
| 43 | Other paramedical technicians |
| 50 | Professional nurses |
| 51 | Other nurses, midwives, and similar occupations |
| 60 | Professors of university and other higher education establishments |
| 61 | Secondary education professors |
| 62 | Professors and teachers of elementary education |
| 63 | Professors and teachers of pre-school education |
| 64 | Special education professors |
| 65 | Other professors and teachers |
| 70 | Mathematicians and actuaries |
| 71 | Statisticians and demographers |
| 72 | Economists and analysts |
| 73 | Comptrollers, auditors and accountants |
| 74 | Sociologists, psychologists, anthropologists, historians, and similar occupations |
| 75 | Systems analysts and programmers |
| 76 | Other specialists in mathematical, social, and similar sciences not in another category |
| 80 | Lawyers, judges, and similar occupations |
| 81 | Other persons in legal professions |
| 90 | Writers, editors, newspaper reporters, and similar occupations |
| 91 | Painters, sculptors, and artists in similar occupations |
| 92 | Composers, musicians, and similar occupations |
| 93 | Actors and entertainers |
| 94 | Priests, pastors and other religious professionals |
| 95 | Personnel administration experts |
| 100 | Directive employees and heads of department or section |
| 101 | Other directive level officials |
| 110 | Directors and managers in wholesale commerce |
| 111 | Directors and managers in retail commerce |
| 120 | Directors, managers, owners and administrators |
| 121 | Other bosses and supervisors |
| 200 | Assistants to accountants, accounting employees and cashiers |
| 201 | Estimator and similar occupations |
| 210 | Secretaries and typists |
| 211 | Operators of recording machines, perforating machines and reproduction machines |
| 220 | Operators of machines for accounting and statistics calculations |
| 230 | Inspectors, dispatchers and controllers in transportation services |
| 240 | Mailmen and messengers |
| 241 | Correspondence sorting and similar occupations |
| 250 | Telephone and telegraph operators and similar occupations |
| 260 | Storage employees and suppliers of merchandise and materials |
| 261 | Receptionists and public information employees |
| 262 | Employees in banking and financial services |
| 263 | Employees in selling tickets to public entertainment and similar occupations |
| 264 | Other office employees and similar occupations not in another category |
| 300 | Owner-salesmen in wholesale and retail commerce |
| 310 | Store clerks or salesmen or traveling salesmen |
| 311 | Vendors in market stalls and traveling [street] food venders |
| 312 | Traveling salesmen [street vendors], order-taking vendors and demonstrators |
| 320 | Travel agents and factory representatives or representatives of commercial businesses |
| 330 | Insurance agents and real estate agents |
| 331 | Agents and vendors of stocks, bonds, and similar occupations |
| 332 | Other vendors not in another category |
| 400 | Farmers (Owner or self-employed worker dedicated to crops and general agricultural work) |
| 401 | Cattle breeders and breeders of other animals |
| 402 | Farm administrators and overseers |
| 410 | Salaried agricultural workers |
| 420 | Fishermen and similar occupations |
| 430 | Hunters, trappers, and similar occupations |
| 440 | Forestry workers |
| 441 | Other occupations related to forestry |
| 500 | Drivers of means of transportation |
| 501 | Cart drivers and hand-cart drivers |
| 502 | Delivery drivers and delivery supervisors |
| 510 | Locomotive machinists and assistants |
| 520 | Sailors |
| 530 | Operators in the traffic control centers and towers |
| 600 | Hand and machine weavers |
| 610 | Tailors |
| 611 | Clothing designers, seamstresses and embroiderers |
| 612 | Designers, pattern makers, cutters and similar occupations |
| 613 | Upholsterers, mattress makers, and similar occupations |
| 620 | Shoemakers |
| 621 | Cutters, formers and other occupations related to the factory production of footwear |
| 622 | Harness makers and occupations related to the manufacture of leather articles |
| 630 | Carpenters and cabinetmakers |
| 631 | Operators of wood working machinery |
| 632 | Other woodworking operators and artisans |
| 633 | Apprentices and assistants in occupations in the wood industry |
| 640 | Construction laborers, bricklayers, and pavement installers |
| 641 | Other workers in construction and maintenance |
| 642 | Construction apprentices and assistants |
| 650 | Painters |
| 651 | Assistants to painters |
| 660 | Plumbers and pipe installers |
| 661 | Assemblers of metal structures |
| 662 | Metal coaters, boilermakers, and tinsmiths |
| 663 | Welders and oxifuel cutters |
| 664 | Assistants and apprentices to welders, plumbers and other occupations |
| 670 | Industrial electricians |
| 671 | Installers of electrical lines, telephones, telegraphs, and telecommunications |
| 672 | Electricians for electrical installations not in another category |
| 673 | Electrician repairmen of radios and televisions and other electrical and domestic appliances |
| 674 | Electrician assistants and apprentices |
| 680 | Mechanics, automobile repairmen and repairmen of other motor vehicles |
| 681 | Adjusters, assemblers, and installers of machinery |
| 682 | Mechanics and repairmen of locomotive, agricultural and industrial machinery |
| 683 | Other artisans and operators in similar occupations not in another category |
| 690 | Watchmakers and mechanics of precision instruments |
| 710 | Miners, quarry workers and similar occupations |
| 711 | Persons employed in the extraction of other non-metallic solid minerals |
| 730 | Potters, ceramics workers and operators in the manufacture of products made of clay, stone and cement |
| 731 | Artisans and operators in the manufacture of glass products |
| 740 | Operators of breaking, crushing, and mixing machinery |
| 741 | Operators of thermal installations for chemical treatments |
| 742 | Operators of filtration and separation appliances |
| 743 | Distillers and operators of distilling appliances |
| 744 | Workers in petroleum refining |
| 746 | Operators in paper manufacture and finishing |
| 747 | Workers in chemical treatments not in another category |
| 750 | Slaughterers, butchers, and similar occupations |
| 751 | Operators in food conservation |
| 752 | Millers and similar occupations |
| 753 | Bakers, pastry chefs, candy makers and similar |
| 754 | Workers in milk treatment and processing of dairy products |
| 755 | Beer makers and operators in the manufacture of non-alcoholic beverages |
| 756 | Operators in the manufacture of foods and beverages not in another category |
| 760 | Tobacco preparers |
| 761 | Workers in the manufacture of cigarettes and cigars |
| 770 | Tanners and skinners |
| 800 | Workers and day laborers in mines and quarries |
| 810 | Workers and day laborers in the construction industry |
| 820 | Stackers, loaders and similar occupations |
| 821 | Workers and day laborers in occupations related to packaging manufactured goods and similar occupations |
| 850 | Workers and day laborers not in another category: commerce |
| 851 | Workers and day laborers not in another category: automobile services |
| 852 | Workers and day laborers not in another category: recreational services |
| 853 | Workers and day laborers not in another category: services of other businesses |
| 854 | Workers and day laborers not in another category: public services |
| 900 | Firemen and related occupations |
| 901 | Guards and detectives |
| 902 | Other workers in protection services |
| 910 | Butlers, household mangers, housekeepers, and similar occupations |
| 920 | Cooks and servants in domestic services and similar occupations |
| 921 | Nannies |
| 930 | Cooks, cook's assistants and similar occupations |
| 931 | Waiters in restaurants and cafes, bartenders, and similar occupations |
| 932 | Room keepers y similar occupations |
| 940 | Launderers, pressers, dry cleaners in cleaning establishments and similar occupations |
| 960 | Doormen, concierges, watchmen, and elevator operators |
| 961 | Cleaners and similar workers |
| 970 | Barbers, hairdressers, beauticians, and similar occupations |
| 980 | Boxers and other sportsmen |
| 981 | Judges of sports competitions, trainers, physical education professors |
| 997 | Workers in personal or collective services |
| 998 | Unknown |
| 999 | NIU (not in universe) |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
For persons 10 years old or older
(Apply to questions 14 to 25)
The questions that form this Section are meant to get information about the participation of the population 10 years old or older in the economic activities of this country.
The questions relating to the chapter are applied to the situation existing in the week immediately before the day of the Census (reference week). Reference week is defined below:
Definition of "Reference Week" or "Last Week": It is the complete calendar week, from Sunday to Saturday that, for census purposes goes from May 4, 1980 to May 10, 1980.
The answers obtained in question 13 are the basis for classifying the population of persons 10 years old or older as:
1. Economically active (employed and unemployed).
2. Not economically active (homemaker, student, disabled, retired, pensioner, rentier, others inactive).
[p. 80]
1. Economically active population
This group is understood to be the population of 10 years old or older who supply the workforce available for the production of goods and services of the country and is divided into Employed and Unemployed.
1.1 Employed Population: is understood to be persons who:
a) Have an occupation or job remunerated in money or in kind, during the reference week.
b) Have a private business or job on their own account. Example: The owner of a grocery store, the farmer, the lawyer who has his own practice, etc.
c) Works regularly in a business or company of a member of their family even when not drawing a wage or salary (Contributing family worker).
d) Sell tickets, newspapers, or any other article; make food to sell; wash cars; shine shoes; sew in their house for others; the kind of work, time worked or amount of money that they receive during the reference week does not matter.
e) Have a steady remunerated job but do not work during the reference week because of temporary circumstances: sickness or accident; vacation; work conflicts such as: bad weather; machine breakdowns, strike, on leave, etc.
1.2 Unemployed population: This group constitutes persons who do not have a remunerated occupation or job during reference week, but:
a) Have worked before and look for work (visits employment agencies or offices in search of work, consults friends about the availability of work, is relying on ads in newspapers, that is to say, makes the effort with the goal of finding employment).
[p. 81]
b) Are not looking for work because they have a job that will begin on a previously appointed date.
c) Look for their first job or that is "New Workers". The oldest age for a "New Worker" is 45.
2. Not economically active population
This group is understood to be the flowing persons:
2.1 Homemaker: The person who is dedicated only and exclusively to domestic tasks and chores in their own home and were not looking for work, nor were they retired, pensioned, living on investments, or attending school. In a dwelling there can be more than one homemaker.
2.2 Student: The person who is dedicated exclusively to studying.
2.3 Invalid: The person who is found to be physically or mentally impeded from working.
2.4 Retired: The person who has stopped working and is receiving retirement income.
2.5 Pensioned, rentier: The person who receives auxiliary or pensioned income (pensioned). Equally include in this group all the persons who without working receive money or investments from a business or company (rentier). Do not include persons who receive pension for food, divorce, etc.
2.6 Retired without benefits: Include in this group the persons who in some opportunity had a job but currently are separated from all type of economic activity without receiving retirement benefits or a pension.
2.7 Other condition: The person who without being classified in any of the groups above does not do any economic activity and remains idle.
When classifying the population, special care should be taken with the persons of the female sex who declare themselves to be "Homemaker" and those who declare themselves to be [p. 82] students. In the first case they sometimes also do remunerated jobs like: cleaning, ironing, sewing, styling hair, painting fingernails, making candy etc. in their own home or outside it but because they spend little time in these labors they forget to give this information.
On the other hand, some students after class or on weekends dedicate themselves to cleaning shoes, selling newspapers, washing cars etc. Equal care should be taken with the spouse or companion or the children of farm families, who regularly help with the agricultural labors but do not declare this job.
For reasons already explained, it is necessary that before classifying the population, the enumerator investigates more to find out if the parson did some work during the reference week. If is made known that the person worked during this period, even when it was part time, it should be classified as Employed, that corresponds to the population who is Economically Active.
Question 17 What occupation, position or type of work did you perform last week or the last time you worked?
Ask this question to the employed and unemployed persons who have worked before, that is to say to those who answered "yes" in any of the questions 14 or 15 and to those who were classified in any of the boxes 1, 2, 3 or 4 of question 16.
For the person who did not work during the reference week but had worked before and looked for employment, write down in the corresponding space, the occupation, employment or job that was done the last time employed.
For one who has never worked (new worker) and looking for a first job mark the box "New worker" and go to question 25.
The occupation should be written down in a precise form, using the specific designations and therefore not using vague and generic terms.
Examples:
Incorrect: Mechanic;
Correct: Auto Mechanic, Dental Technician, Heavy Machinery Mechanic
Incorrect: Agent;
Correct: Insurance Agent, Purchasing Agent
Incorrect: Office Worker;
Correct: Typist, Secretary, Accountant, File Clerk
Incorrect: Machine Operator;
Correct: Dredge Operator, Road Roller Operator
Incorrect: Manager
Correct: Radio station manager, Holster factory manager
[p. 85]
Incorrect: Doctor;
Correct: Physiatrist, Veterinarian, Radiologist, Dental Surgeon
Incorrect: Construction Worker;
Correct: Mason, Plumber, Water carrier, Road Roller Operator, Shoveller, Quarry worker
Incorrect: Agricultural Worker
Correct: Milker, Kitchen assistant (Water carrier), Coffee Harvester, Cane cutter, Poultry farmer, Stable hand, Cowhand, Fighting cock caregiver
Nevertheless, persons with a professional specialization can do another job of a nature different than the specialization. In these cases if they have worked two jobs during the reference week write down as principal occupation that which produces the largest income for the person.
For employees of the National or Municipal Government that are responsible for legislative, executive, administrative and managerial functions, write the title for which they have been elected or appointed. Example: Governor, Mayor, Minister of State, Head of Department, Head of Section, Treasurer, Port Inspector, General Comptroller, Education Inspector, Director of Primary School, Captain of the National Guard, etc.
For other of the Government employees, get when it is possible the specific occupation Example: Architect, Engineer, Agronomist, Pharmacist, [p. 86] Veterinarian, Zoologist, Surgeon, Dentist, Nurse, Midwife, School Teacher, Lawyer, Municipal Judge, Shorthand Clerk, Auditor, Agent of the National Guard, Circuit District Attorney, Municipal Representative, etc.
For the employees of the Government whose specific occupation is difficult to determine, write: Public Employee.
(Apply to questions 14 to 25)
The questions that form this Section are meant to get information about the participation of the population 10 years old or older in the economic activities of this country.
The questions relating to the chapter are applied to the situation existing in the week immediately before the day of the Census (reference week). Reference week is defined below:
Definition of "Reference Week" or "Last Week": It is the complete calendar week, from Sunday to Saturday that, for census purposes goes from May 4, 1980 to May 10, 1980.
The answers obtained in question 13 are the basis for classifying the population of persons 10 years old or older as:
1. Economically active (employed and unemployed).
2. Not economically active (homemaker, student, disabled, retired, pensioner, rentier, others inactive).
[p. 80]
1. Economically active population
This group is understood to be the population of 10 years old or older who supply the workforce available for the production of goods and services of the country and is divided into Employed and Unemployed.
1.1 Employed Population: is understood to be persons who:
a) Have an occupation or job remunerated in money or in kind, during the reference week.
b) Have a private business or job on their own account. Example: The owner of a grocery store, the farmer, the lawyer who has his own practice, etc.
c) Works regularly in a business or company of a member of their family even when not drawing a wage or salary (Contributing family worker).
d) Sell tickets, newspapers, or any other article; make food to sell; wash cars; shine shoes; sew in their house for others; the kind of work, time worked or amount of money that they receive during the reference week does not matter.
e) Have a steady remunerated job but do not work during the reference week because of temporary circumstances: sickness or accident; vacation; work conflicts such as: bad weather; machine breakdowns, strike, on leave, etc.
1.2 Unemployed population: This group constitutes persons who do not have a remunerated occupation or job during reference week, but:
a) Have worked before and look for work (visits employment agencies or offices in search of work, consults friends about the availability of work, is relying on ads in newspapers, that is to say, makes the effort with the goal of finding employment).
[p. 81]
b) Are not looking for work because they have a job that will begin on a previously appointed date.
c) Look for their first job or that is "New Workers". The oldest age for a "New Worker" is 45.
2. Not economically active population
This group is understood to be the flowing persons:
2.1 Homemaker: The person who is dedicated only and exclusively to domestic tasks and chores in their own home and were not looking for work, nor were they retired, pensioned, living on investments, or attending school. In a dwelling there can be more than one homemaker.
2.2 Student: The person who is dedicated exclusively to studying.
2.3 Invalid: The person who is found to be physically or mentally impeded from working.
2.4 Retired: The person who has stopped working and is receiving retirement income.
2.5 Pensioned, rentier: The person who receives auxiliary or pensioned income (pensioned). Equally include in this group all the persons who without working receive money or investments from a business or company (rentier). Do not include persons who receive pension for food, divorce, etc.
2.6 Retired without benefits: Include in this group the persons who in some opportunity had a job but currently are separated from all type of economic activity without receiving retirement benefits or a pension.
2.7 Other condition: The person who without being classified in any of the groups above does not do any economic activity and remains idle.
When classifying the population, special care should be taken with the persons of the female sex who declare themselves to be "Homemaker" and those who declare themselves to be [p. 82] students. In the first case they sometimes also do remunerated jobs like: cleaning, ironing, sewing, styling hair, painting fingernails, making candy etc. in their own home or outside it but because they spend little time in these labors they forget to give this information.
On the other hand, some students after class or on weekends dedicate themselves to cleaning shoes, selling newspapers, washing cars etc. Equal care should be taken with the spouse or companion or the children of farm families, who regularly help with the agricultural labors but do not declare this job.
For reasons already explained, it is necessary that before classifying the population, the enumerator investigates more to find out if the parson did some work during the reference week. If is made known that the person worked during this period, even when it was part time, it should be classified as Employed, that corresponds to the population who is Economically Active.
Question 17 What occupation, position or type of work did you perform last week or the last time you worked?
Ask this question to the employed and unemployed persons who have worked before, that is to say to those who answered "yes" in any of the questions 14 or 15 and to those who were classified in any of the boxes 1, 2, 3 or 4 of question 16.
For the person who did not work during the reference week but had worked before and looked for employment, write down in the corresponding space, the occupation, employment or job that was done the last time employed.
For one who has never worked (new worker) and looking for a first job mark the box "New worker" and go to question 25.
The occupation should be written down in a precise form, using the specific designations and therefore not using vague and generic terms.
Examples:
Incorrect: Mechanic;
Correct: Auto Mechanic, Dental Technician, Heavy Machinery Mechanic
Incorrect: Agent;
Correct: Insurance Agent, Purchasing Agent
Incorrect: Office Worker;
Correct: Typist, Secretary, Accountant, File Clerk
Incorrect: Machine Operator;
Correct: Dredge Operator, Road Roller Operator
Incorrect: Manager
Correct: Radio station manager, Holster factory manager
[p. 85]
Incorrect: Doctor;
Correct: Physiatrist, Veterinarian, Radiologist, Dental Surgeon
Incorrect: Construction Worker;
Correct: Mason, Plumber, Water carrier, Road Roller Operator, Shoveller, Quarry worker
Incorrect: Agricultural Worker
Correct: Milker, Kitchen assistant (Water carrier), Coffee Harvester, Cane cutter, Poultry farmer, Stable hand, Cowhand, Fighting cock caregiver
Nevertheless, persons with a professional specialization can do another job of a nature different than the specialization. In these cases if they have worked two jobs during the reference week write down as principal occupation that which produces the largest income for the person.
For employees of the National or Municipal Government that are responsible for legislative, executive, administrative and managerial functions, write the title for which they have been elected or appointed. Example: Governor, Mayor, Minister of State, Head of Department, Head of Section, Treasurer, Port Inspector, General Comptroller, Education Inspector, Director of Primary School, Captain of the National Guard, etc.
For other of the Government employees, get when it is possible the specific occupation Example: Architect, Engineer, Agronomist, Pharmacist, [p. 86] Veterinarian, Zoologist, Surgeon, Dentist, Nurse, Midwife, School Teacher, Lawyer, Municipal Judge, Shorthand Clerk, Auditor, Agent of the National Guard, Circuit District Attorney, Municipal Representative, etc.
For the employees of the Government whose specific occupation is difficult to determine, write: Public Employee.
Description
Definition
This variable indicates the respondent's occupation.
Universe
Persons age 10+ who worked or looked for work either last week or some time in the past (excluding retired persons)
concept
Concept
| Name | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |