Africa Health Research Institute INDEPTH Core Dataset 2000 - 2015 Residents only (Release 2017)
South Africa, 2000 - 2015
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ZAF_2000-2015_INDEPTH-ACDIS_v01_M
Africa Health Research Institute INDEPTH Core Dataset 2000 - 2015 Residents only (Release 2017)
Residents only, Release 2014
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| South Africa | ZAF |
Demographic Surveillance
This dataset contains rounds 1 to 37 of demographic surveillance data covering the period from 1 Jan 2000 to 31 December 2015. Two rounds of data collection took place annually except in 2002 when three surveillance rounds were conducted. In 2012 we reverted to three rounds of data collection again. It is important to note that this does not imply that the dataset contains 37 individual cross sectional components, rather that the information (events) associated with each individual could have been updated at each of these 37 surveillance rounds if the individual was under surveillance during any particular round.
The health and demography of the South African population has been undergoing substantial changes as a result of the rapidly progressing HIV epidemic. Researchers at the University of KwaZulu-Natal and the South African Medical Research Council established The Africa Health Research Studies in 1997 funded by a core grant from The Wellcome Trust, UK. Given the urgent need for high quality longitudinal data with which to monitor these changes, and with which to evaluate interventions to mitigate impact, a demographic surveillance system (DSS) was established in a rural South African population facing a rapid and severe HIV epidemic. The DSS, referred to as the Africa Health Research Institute Demographic Information System (ACDIS), started in 2000.
ACDIS was established to ‘describe the demographic, social and health impact of the HIV epidemic in a population going through the health transition’ and to monitor the impact of intervention strategies on the epidemic. South Africa’s political and economic history has resulted in highly mobile urban and rural populations, coupled with complex, fluid households. In order to successfully monitor the epidemic, it was necessary to collect longitudinal demographic data (e.g. mortality, fertility, migration) on the population and to mirror this complex social reality within the design of the demographic information system. To this end, three primary subjects are observed longitudinally in ACDIS: physical structures (e.g. homesteads, clinics and schools), households and individuals. The information about these subjects, and all related information, is stored in a single MSSQL Server database, in a truly longitudinal way—i.e. not as a series of cross-sections.
The surveillance area is located near the market town of Mtubatuba in the Umkanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal. The area is 438 square kilometers in size and includes a population of approximately 85 000 people who are members of approximately 11 000 households. The population is almost exclusively Zulu-speaking. The area is typical of many rural areas of South Africa in that while predominantly rural, it contains an urban township and informal peri-urban settlements. The area is characterized by large variations in population densities (20–3000 people/km2). In the rural areas, homesteads are scattered rather than grouped. Most households are multi-generational and range with an average size of 7.9 (SD:4.7) members. Despite being a predominantly rural area, the principle source of income for most households is waged employment and state pensions rather than agriculture. In 2006, approximately 77% of households in the surveillance area had access to piped water and toilet facilities.
To fulfil the eligibility criteria for the ACDIS cohort, individuals must be a member of a household within the surveillance area but not necessarily resident within it. Crucially, this means that ACDIS collects information on resident and non-resident members of households and makes a distinction between membership (self-defined on the basis of links to other household members) and residency (residing at a physical structure within the surveillance area at a particular point in time). Individuals can be members of more than one household at any point in time (e.g. polygamously married men whose wives maintain separate households). As of June 2006, there were 85 855 people under surveillance of whom 33% were not resident within the surveillance area. Obtaining information on non-resident members is vital for a number of reasons. Most importantly, understanding patterns of HIV transmission within rural areas requires knowledge about patterns of circulation and about sexual contacts between residents and their non-resident partners. To be consistent with similar datasets from other INDEPTH Member centres, this data set contains data from resident members only.
During data collection, households are visited by fieldworkers and information supplied by a single key informant. All births, deaths and migrations of household members are recorded. If household members have moved internally within the surveillance area, such moves are reconciled and the internal migrant retains the original identfier associated with him/her.
Event history data
Individual
Version
v1 : Version extracted from analytical database ACDIS_A20161215
This study represents only a portion of the total data associated with the complete AHRI Population Intervention Platform as described in the study abstract.
2017
Scope
The study only includes the events defining the resident exposure of individuals under surveillance as well as the delivery events of resident women. Each type of event contains minimal attributes describing the event.
Attributes common to each event:
Event Type,
Event Date
Observation date
Migration:
Origin and Destination
Death:
Cause
Delivery:
Live born and Still born counts
Parity
| Topic | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|---|---|
| Demography [N01.224] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Age Distribution [N01.224.033] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Emigration and Immigration [N01.224.625.350] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Residential Mobility [N01.224.791.700] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Sex Distribution [N01.224.803] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Vital Statistics [N01.224.935] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Life Expectancy [N01.224.935.464] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Mortality [N01.224.935.698] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Cause of Death [N01.224.935.698.100] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Birth Rate [N01.224.935.849.500] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Rural Population [N01.600.725] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Maternal Age [N06.850.490.250.550] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Parity [N06.850.490.812.600] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
| Survival Analysis [N06.850.520.830.998] | MeSH | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh |
Coverage
Demographic surveillance area situated in the south-east portion of the uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal province near the town of Mtubatuba. It is bounded on the west by the Umfolozi-Hluhluwe nature reserve, on the South by the Umfolozi river, on the East by the N2 highway (except form portions where the Kwamsane township strandles the highway) and in the North by the Inyalazi river for portions of the boundary. The area is 438 square kilometers.
Resident household members of households resident within the demographic surveillance area. Inmigrants are defined by intention to become resident, but actual residence episodes of less than 180 days are censored. Outmigrants are defined by intention to become resident elsewhere, but actual periods of non-residence less than 180 days are censored. Children born to resident women are considered resident by default, irrespective of actual place of birth. The dataset contains the events of all individuals ever resident during the study period (1 Jan 2000 to 31 Dec 2015).
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Kobus Herbst | Africa Health Research Institute (ZA031) |
| Frank Tanser | Africa Health Research Institute (ZA031) |
| Deenan Pillay | Africa Health Research Institute (ZA031) |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tinofa Mutevedzi | Africa Health Research Insittute (ZA031) | Data Collection |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Wellcome Trust | |
| Wellcome Trust | prior funder |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Dickman Gareta | Africa Health Research Institute (ZA031) | Database Scientist |
| Sweetness Dube | Africa Health Research Institute (ZA031) | Data Documentation Archivist |
Sampling
This dataset is not based on a sample but contains information from the complete demographic surveillance area.
Reponse units (households) by year:
Year Households
2000 11856
2001 12321
2002 12981
2003 12165
2004 11841
2005 11312
2006 12065
2007 12165
2008 11790
2009 12145
2010 12485
2011 12455
2012 12087
2013 11988
2014 11778
2015 11938
In 2006 the number of response units increased due to the addition of a new village into the demographic surveillance area.
None
Household response rates are as follows (assuming that if a household has not responded for 2 years following the last recorded visit to that household, that the household is lost to follow-up and no longer part of the response rate denominator):
Year Response Rate
2000 94%
2001 93%
2002 96%
2003 91%
2004 88%
2005 84%
2006 88%
2007 89%
2008 87%
2009 88%
2010 89%
2011 89%
2012 89%
2013 90%
2014 89%
2015 91%
Not applicable
Survey instrument
Bounded structure registration (BSR) or update (BSU) form:
- Used to register characteristics of the BS
- Updates characteristics of the BS
- Information as at previous round is preprinted
Household registration (HHR) or update (HHU) form:
- Used to register characteristics of the HH
- Used to update information about the composition of the household
- Information preprinted of composition and all registered households as at previous
Household Membership Registration (HMR) or update (HMU):
- Used to link individuals to households
- Used to update information about the household memberships and member status observations
- Information preprinted of member status observations as at previous
Individual registration form (IDR):
- Used to uniquely identify each individual
- Mainly to ensure members with multiple household memberships are appropriately captured
Migration notification form (MGN):
- Used to record change in the BS of residency of individuals or households
_ Migrants are tracked and updated in the database
Pregnancy history form (PGH) & pregnancy outcome notification form (PON):
- Records details of pregnancies and their outcomes
- Only if woman is a new member
- Only if woman has never completed WHL or WGH
Death notification form (DTN):
- Records all deaths that have recently occurred
- Iincludes information about time, place, circumstances and possible cause of death
Data collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2000-01-01 | 2015-12-31 | Release coverage |
| 2000-08-01 | 2001-02-01 | Round 2 |
| 2001-02-01 | 2001-06-25 | Round 3 |
| 2001-06-25 | 2002-01-07 | Round 4 |
| 2002-01-07 | 2002-05-06 | Round 5 |
| 2002-05-06 | 2002-09-02 | Round 6 |
| 2002-09-02 | 2003-01-08 | Round 7 |
| 2003-01-08 | 2003-06-18 | Round 8 |
| 2003-06-18 | 2003-11-27 | Round 9 |
| 2003-11-27 | 2004-06-07 | Round 10 |
| 2004-06-07 | 2005-01-01 | Round 11 |
| 2005-01-01 | 2005-07-04 | Round 12 |
| 2005-07-04 | 2006-01-10 | Round 13 |
| 2006-01-10 | 2006-07-17 | Round 14 |
| 2006-07-17 | 2007-01-10 | Round 15 |
| 2007-01-10 | 2007-07-11 | Round 16 |
| 2007-07-11 | 2008-01-13 | Round 17 |
| 2008-01-13 | 2008-07-01 | Round 18 |
| 2008-07-01 | 2009-01-11 | Round 19 |
| 2009-01-11 | 2009-07-13 | Round 20 |
| 2009-07-13 | 2009-12-11 | Round 21 |
| 2009-12-11 | 2010-06-11 | Round 22 |
| 2010-06-11 | 2010-12-21 | Round 23 |
| 2010-12-21 | 2011-06-20 | Round 24 |
| 2011-06-20 | 2011-11-17 | Round 25 |
| 2012-01-11 | 2012-05-29 | Round 26 |
This dataset contains rounds 1 to 37 of demographic surveillance data covering the period from 1 Jan 2000 to 31 December 2015. Two rounds of data collection took place annually except in 2002 when three surveillance rounds were conducted. From 1 Jan 2015 onwards there are three surveillance rounds per annum.
| Start date | End date | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2000-01-01 | 2011-12-31 | Release coverage |
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| The Africa Health Research Institute | UKZN |
Fieldworkers operated in teams of between 8 and 12 fieldworkers supervised each supervised by a Fieldwork supervisor. Supervisors conduct supervised visits and quality control visits and review fieldworkers data collection.
Enumerators were trained immediately prior to the baseline data collection and then refresher training was conducted for one week between each surveillance round. New fieldworkers received a standardised 6 week training course prior to appointment as data collectors. Data entry staff received fieldwork training in addition to training in the use of the data entry programs.
Data processing
On data entry data consistency and plausibility were checked by 455 data validation rules at database level. If data validaton failure was due to a data collection error, the questionnaire was referred back to the field for revisit and correction. If the error was due to data inconsistencies that could not be directly traced to a data collection error, the record was referred to the data quality team under the supervision of the senior database scientist. This could request further field level investigation by a team of trackers or could correct the inconsistency directly at database level.
No imputations were done on the resulting micro data set, except for:
a. If an out-migration (OMG) event is followed by a homestead entry event (ENT) and the gap between OMG event and ENT event is greater than 180 days, the ENT event was changed to an in-migration event (IMG).
b. If an out-migration (OMG) event is followed by a homestead entry event (ENT) and the gap between OMG event and ENT event is less than 180 days, the OMG event was changed to an homestead exit event (EXT) and the ENT event date changed to the day following the original OMG event.
c. If a homestead exit event (EXT) is followed by an in-migration event (IMG) and the gap between the EXT event and the IMG event is greater than 180 days, the EXT event was changed to an out-migration event (OMG).
d. If a homestead exit event (EXT) is followed by an in-migration event (IMG) and the gap between the EXT event and the IMG event is less than 180 days, the IMG event was changed to an homestead entry event (ENT) with a date equal to the day following the EXT event.
e. If the last recorded event for an individual is homestead exit (EXT) and this event is more than 180 days prior to the end of the surveillance period, then the EXT event is changed to an out-migration event (OMG)
In the case of the village that was added (enumerated) in 2006, some individuals may have outmigrated from the original surveillance area and setlled in the the new village prior to the first enumeration. Where the records of such individuals have been linked, and indivdiual can legitmately have and outmigration event (OMG) forllowed by and enumeration event (ENU). In a few cases a homestead exit event (EXT) was followed by an enumeration event in these cases. In these instances the EXT events were changed to an out-migration event (OMG).
To produce this micro-data set, the episode table is processed using Pentaho Kettle ETL program to produce this standard event-history format dataset.
The following processing checks are done during the ETL process.
-
If the first event is legal. Like the first event must beenumeration, birth or inmigration.
-
If the last event is legal. Like the last event must be end of observtion, death or outmigration.
-
If the transition events are legal.
The list of legal transitions:Birth followed by death
Birth followed by exit
Birth followed by end of observation
Birth followed by outmigrationDeath followed by none
Entry followed by death
Entry followed by exit
Entry followed by end of observation
Entry followed by outmigration
Enumeration followed by death
Enumeration followed by exit
Enumeration followed by outmigrationExit followed by entry
Inmigration followed by Death
Inmigration followed by exit
Inmigration followed by end of observation
Inmigration followed by outmigrationEnd of observation followed by none
Outmigration followed by none
Outmigration followed by enumeration
Outmigration followed by inmigrationThe list of illegal transitions:
Birth followed by none
Birth followed by birth
Birth followed by entry
Birth followed by enumeration
Birth followed by inmigrationDeath followed by birth
Death followed by death
Death followed by entry
Death followed by enumeration
Death followed by exit
Death followed by inmigration
Death followed by outmigration
Death followed by end of observationEntry followed by none
Entry followed by birth
Entry followed by entry
Entry followed by enumeration
Entry followed by inmigrationEnumeration followed by none
Enumeration followed by birth
Enumeration followed by entry
Enumeration followed by enumeration
Enumeration followed by inmigrationExit followed by birth
Exit followed by death
Exit followed by exit
Exit followed by end of observation
Exit followed by outmigrationInmigration followed by none
Inmigration followed by birth
Inmigration followed by entry
Inmigration followed by enumeration
Inmigration followed by inmigrationEnd of observation followed by birth
End of observation followed by death
End of observation followed by entry
End of observation followed by enumeration
End of observation followed by exit
End of observation followed by inmigration
End of observation followed by end of observation
End of observation followed by outmigrationOutmigration followed by birth
Outmigration followed by death
Outmigration followed by exit
Outmigration followed by end of observation
Outmigration followed by outmigrationList of edited events:
Exit followed by none
Exit followed by enumeration
Exit followed by inmigrationOutmigration followed by entry
Data appraisal
Not applicable
Access policy
INDEPTH Data Repository
Africa Centre (ZA031)
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| iSHARE2 Help desk | INDEPTH | help-data@indepth-network.org |
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes | This data is anonymised and no confidentiality agreement in addition to the general data use agreement is required. |
This data is made available for licensed access under the following conditions:
-
Data and other material provided by INDEPTH will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions or organisations without INDEPTH's written agreement.
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In the case of multi-centre datasets, data originating from a single contributing member centre of the INDEPTH Network may not be analysed or reported on in isolation without the express permission of the member centre concerned.
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No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and there will be no use of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery will be reported immediately to INDEPTH.
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No attempt will be made to produce links between datasets provided by INDEPTH or between INDEPTH data and other datasets that could identify individuals.
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Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports or other publications employing data obtained from INDEPTH will cite the source, in line with the citation requirement provided with the dataset.
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An electronic copy of all publications based on the requested data will be sent to INDEPTH.
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The original collector of the data, INDEPTH, and the relevant funding agencies bear no responsibility for the data's use or interpretation or inferences based upon it.
Any use of this dataset must cite the digital object identifier (doi) associated with this dataset. Using the following form:
"Africa Health Research Institute INDEPTH Core Dataset 2000-2015 (Residents only) - Release 2017. Jul 2017. Provided by the INDEPTH Network Data Repository. www.indepth-network.org http://www.indepth-network.org. doi:10.7796/INDEPTH.ZA031.CMD2015.v1"
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, INDEPTH, and the relevant funding agencies bear no responsibility for the data's use or interpretation or inferences based upon it.
This dataset documentation is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The dataset is shared in terms of the data-use agreement accepted at the time of data download.
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| iSHARE2 Helpdesk | INDEPTH | help-data@indepth-network.org | http://www.indepth-ishare.org/index.php/howtouse |
Metadata production
DDI_ZAF_2000-2015_INDEPTH-ACDIS_v01_M
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| iSHARE2 Technical Team | INDEPTH Network | Documentation of the study |
| AJ Herbst | Africa Health Research Institute (ZA031) | DDI author |
| SH Dube | Africa Health Research Institute (ZA031) | Data documentation archivist |
2017-06-29
Metadata version
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v01 (June 2017)
The DDI was produced by INDEPTH Network. It was downloaded on October 12, 2017 from http://www.indepth-ishare.org/index.php/catalog/137/ by the World Bank Microdata Library documentation team. -
v02 (October 2017)
Modifications in the study ID and DDI ID were done by the World Bank Microdata Library documentation team to match the standard used by the library and the IHSN Survey Catalog. Some metadata fields were also edited.
Version 1 : Initial version