Although it is admitted that poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon, many researchers in sub-Saharan Africa and in Cameroon in particular, still focus only on the monetary aspect and also, the particular situation of children is still ignored. The one-dimensional monetary approach and the lack of consideration of children’s issues in the debate on poverty has negative implications for anti-poverty strategies, which seldom consider that children and their rights are central to their design and implementation. Munijin et al. (1999). The purpose of this study is to investigate child multidimensional poverty in Cameroon; to find out its determinants and its relationship with household multidimensional poverty. The children that are consider here are those aged of less than five years. The study uses the data of the Third Multiple Indicators Clusters Survey (MICS-3) realised in 2006 by Cameroon National Institute of Statistics. MICS-3 is a nation wide operation with a sample of 9856 households and 6495 children of less than five years. In the light of Gordon et al. (2003), five dimensions have been taken into consideration in the child multidimensional poverty: nutrition, potable water, health, education and the lodging. For households, the following dimensions have been combined: accessibility to potable water, hygiene, patrimony, lodging and the level of education of the head of the household. Two composites indicators have been derived using Multiple Components Analysis and hierarchical classification methods (Asselin (2002); Bibi et al (2005)) to appreciate both household and child multidimensional poverty rate. The determinants of child poverty have been apprehended through cross tables. The results show that 73% of children aged of less than five years live under the child multidimensional poverty threshold with 25% affected by extreme poverty. In the other hand, 61% of Cameroonian households are poor. Multidimensional poverty significantly varies according to the household size, the milieu of residence, the level of education of the household head etc. Welfare inequalities are more pronounced in the rural area. The results also revealed that the key determinants of child multidimensional poverty are the household poverty status, the level of education and the age of the child’s mother or care taker and also the milieu of residence. In conclusion, the results recommended the implementation of specific policies in favour of children like the intensification of the Expanded Program on Immunization in rural areas. Also, more attention should be paid to Cameroonians’ education and especially that of young girls