Background: Diarrhea is incriminated as being the second major cause of child death worldwide. Developing countries particularly sub Saharan Africa including Ethiopia has to bear the brunt of this infection. Studies showed that distinct factors were associated with the occurrence of diarrhea in different places which underscores the need to identify determinants locally for proper implementation of preventive measures.

Objective: To identify socio-economic and environmental determinant factors for the occurrence of diarrhoea among under five children in Benishangul Gumuz Region, North west Ethiopia.

Method: The Benishangul Gumuz Regional data from Ethiopia DHS 2011 data was used for this study. A total of 925 under five children were selected for this study.

Conclusion and recommendation: Mothers with primary and above education protect their children against diarrhea better under poor environmental conditions than illiterate mothers. Thus, implementing effective educational programs that emphasize on environmental health and sanitation practices and encouraging female school enrolment would reduce childhood diarrheal morbidity in the region.