This paper presents findings from a study on the beneficiaries of the ‘Advancement of the Marginalised Adivasis Deprived of Economic Resources’ (AMADER) Project undertaken by NETZ, funded by DFID/Shiree-GoB. The focus of the research was on landless or near landless people who were considered extreme poor. The paper reports on how the project, which was organized around the transfer of livestock assets to extreme poor people, improved their resilience at the end of four years of intervention. Our findings support the argument that households with more land have a greater propensity to save and accumulate productive assets, making them more resilient than those with less land. The tendency of asset and savings accumulation for households with less than two decimals of homestead land is very slow, making their path to resilience extremely difficult. The study also explores factors other than homestead land that may influence the capacity of extreme poor to benefit from livestock transferred to them. These could include disability, internal stress (such as dowry), health and species of livestock purchased for rearing, market factors, livestock rearing practices and support of the employers, etc.