Objective To provide an overview of the Household Food Consumption and Anthropometric Survey, undertaken in Poland from September to November 2000. Design A sub-sample of households participating in the countrywide, representative household budget survey (HBS) was selected to participate in the Household Food Consumption and Anthropometric Survey. Four thousand two hundred (4200) individuals provided 24-hour recalls that were subsequently evaluated. Body weight and height together with the mid-arm, waist and hip circumferences were measured. Laboratory analyses of contaminants that may be present in selected individual diets will be undertaken. Setting Poland, 2000. Subjects Four thousand two hundred individuals from 1362 households participating in the Polish HBS. Results Preliminary analyses of height and weight, as well as energy and nutrient intakes, were undertaken in a sub-sample of 484 boys and girls aged 10–15 years. Energy intakes were generally in line with or above the Polish Recommendations. Conclusions Apart from serving as an important information source on individual food consumption and anthropometric status of the Polish population, the data collected through the Household Food Consumption and Anthropometric Survey will allow direct comparisons of food intake estimates, based on 24-hour recalls, with the results of the household budget survey. Such comparisons are expected to improve and refine interpretation of the data derived from both the individual nutrition survey and the household budget survey, and particularly to provide information on the importance of eating out, which is not covered in the Polish HBS.