The study of social structure and ethnic composition of the population in the urban areas leads to an understanding the quality of urban development in the Indian context. Each sectorial group of population with its certain socio- economic traditions and way of life has been sharing the urban process in any urban areas in the recent years. Accordingly, the proportion of schedule caste and schedule tribe population living in urban areas provides and indication of the content and quality of their role in the process of modernization and socio economic development. Each of the two types of proportion referred as its own significance. At the same time both are relevant for an understanding the process of urbanisation.The present paper attempts to identify and analyze the spatial patterns in the distribution of Schedule caste and scheduled tribe population in the urban areas of Koch Bihar district.