The Poverty Assessment report for The Gambia provides an overall analysis of the country’s poverty profile and identifies the key challenges and opportunities for reducing poverty in the country. The poverty profile is defined in terms of both monetary and non-monetary health and education indicators. The monetary indicators of poverty are based on individual consumption levels, estimated from the 2003 Integrated Household Survey (IHS). Health and education indicators were analyzed using dedicated health surveys and government monitoring of education spending and outcomes. Given that 2003 was the latest available household survey, the current poverty rates for 2008 and 2009 were “projected” from the 2003 poverty profile through simulation exercises which incorporated the impact of growth, remittances and internal migration since 2003. Next, the report examines various dimensions of regional disparity in poverty indicators. In particular, a “poverty map” is constructed which provides more geographically disaggregated estimates of poverty rates in a statistically robust manner. Given the importance of rural agriculture for the country and particularly for the poor, the final chapter of the report is devoted to the agriculture sector. It analyzes the key constraints to improved crop production and productivity, the impact of crop price fluctuations, the importance of nonfarm income and government support to the groundnut sector, the country’s largest cash crop and export.