This article briefly outlines the food–water–energy interlinkages for sustainable development in India. It begins by underlining the emerging severe land constraint and relates it to water development strategies since water use not only raises agricultural productivity, but releases the land barrier by intensity of land use. Given this problem, energy becomes a related focus and of course, is by itself another major issue in sustainable development and long-term security. The article begins with estimates to show that India is probably urbanising faster than generally thought and together with a severe water development crisis, is in a difficult situation. It also develops the profile that a similar situation exists in the energy sector. In each problématique, the article ends with some governance issues and suggestions.