This article uses Cambodia's 2005 Demographic and Health Survey to explore differences in health status and health care access among elderly women and men, in the historical context of gendered violence during the Khmer Rouge regime. Results point to small disadvantages for women in becoming sick and seeking treatment, which are explained by their relatively lower socioeconomic status. However, no gender differences are found in the extent to which women and men take precautions to guard against ill-health, or in the types of treatment they seek. The study also confirms that there is an extremely low number of men in older age groups, a high incidence of female widowhood, and a greater likelihood of elderly women living by themselves.