The study area, Koch Bihar district is one of the most neglected districts of West Bengal. 92 percent population of the district live in rural agricultural surroundings and 70 percent to 80 percent people depend upon agriculture for livelihood. Rural labourers of the study area have been leading their life in the most disposed and socio-politically deprived situation. Monopolistic power exercised by the land lords, minimum and uncertain wages, seasonal nature of agriculture, lack of employment opportunity, growing price of commodity and growing demands have collectively bent down the back-bone of these people in existing agricultural set-up of the district. The paper has attempted to highlight the deplorable situation, changes, challenges and opportunities in the life of agricultural labourer of the study area as well as of the entire district.