This paper explores the implications of rapid population growth on sustainable tourism development with particular reference to Uganda. Basing on desk research, data generated through extensive documentary review and telephone interviews with key stakeholders, evidence is provided that at a population growth rate of 3.2% per annum, Uganda’s population is more of a liability than an asset. The rapid growth in absolute numbers has caused pressure on tourism resources, has contributed to poverty as dependants dominate it, and contributes to unemployment, civil unrest and uncertainty to the detriment of sustainable tourism development. Therefore, if tourism is to continue playing a role in the development process of Uganda, the resource base has to be protected and the population growth rate reduced.