While cities in advanced economies contribute 85% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), cities in low income economies, including Africa, contribute only 55% of GDP. This article analyzes the current situation of urban areas in Africa (in particular in Ghana), including facts relating to unemployment, slum population, urban poverty and the make-up and management of municipal finance. In what ways can urban productivity be promoted in Africa? Is it possible to overcome the significant constraints that inhibit the work of city managers?