This study investigated the socio-cultural factors affecting women participation in management of watershed resources in Chahi Sub- catchment, Kisoro district, Uganda, delving into how best to take advantage of such factors and how to minimize any associated negative impacts on women’s role in watershed resources management. The study problem was that women’s knowledge and role in watershed management is largely unrecognized and at catchment level, it is affected by socio-cultural factors. Specific objectives of the study were to: (a) assess the effects of socio-cultural factors on women participation in the management of watershed resources in Chahi sub- catchment, (b) determine the extent of women participation in decision making and management of watershed resources and (c) establish the link between national policies, culture and grassroot integration of women in watershed resources management. The study was justified by the fact that women play an iconic role in watershed management but are more vulnerable than men to the impacts of environmental degradation. Questionnaires, key informants interviews, in-depth interviews, observation of on-farm activities and secondary data were employed during data collection. A survey consisting of interviews with 90 respondents was carried out in the study area by conducting a stratified random sampling on the 716 members of the18 women groups with the help of Glenn formula as proposed by Yemane 1967. In addition a guided interview was conducted on different stakeholders. Data analysis was by descriptive statistics like percentages, frequencies and means to get respondents’ different opinions about whether socio-cultural factors affect women’s participation, decision making and the link between national policies and women integration in watershed management. Gender analysis tool 3 was employed to establish property ownership by respective gender.