Objective:
Our objective was to identify risk factors in hospitalized patients with lung cancer treated at a national referral hospi-
tal for respiratory diseases.
Material and methods:
We analyzed routinely obtained occupational, environmental and household exposures
and hospitalization databases in a
retrospective case-control study.
The clinical charts of adult HIV-negative patients (
=
18 years old), were
examined (from 1999-2009). The
fi
ve groups of patients (cases) were: 1) 1,067 patients with lung cancer (all of them); 2) 826 patients with
adenocarcinoma; 3) 152 patients with squamous cell lung cancer; 4) 51 patients with small-cell lung cancer, and 5) 38 patients
with large-cell
lung cancer all biopsy proven. The controls were otolaryngology patients without lung diseases and age > 30 years old (n = 797)
. All of cases
were nonsmokers and both sexes. We analyzed also these groups of patients by gender, in nonsmoking women. Institutional committ
ees ap-
proved protocol.
Results:
Cases were older with high prevalence of exposure to wood smoke than controls. In the multivariate analysis, after
controlling for potential confounders, past or current exposure to wood smoke was associated with: lung cancer (OR = 2.0 [95% C
I 1.6-2.6] p <
0.0001); adenocarcinoma (OR = 2.1 [95% CI 1.6-2.7] p < 0.0001); squamous cell lung cancer (OR = 1.6 [95% CI 1.03-2.5] p = 0.03)
; small cell
lung cancer (OR = 2.2 [95% CI 1.1-4.3] p = 0.02) and large cells lung cancer (OR = 1.8 [95% CI 0.9-3.7] p = 0.1); in the same m
odels, passive
smoking was not signi
fi
cantly associated with lung cancer. In nonsmoking women, similar results were observed.
Conclusions:
Exposure to
wood smoke was associated with lung cancer in non-smoking men and woman