The rapid growth of Casuarina equisetifolia, a popular tree species for shelterbelt plantation, attracts the world climate change practitioners for its potential for climate change mitigation and adaptation in the coastal zones. Storage of carbon in the rapidly grown biomass of this species creates special interest in the arena of climate change mitigation practices. To understand the public perceptions of the effect of the casuarina shelterbelt and carbon storage potential in the Bangladesh coast, a socio-biological study was conducted in the Parki beach area, where Casuarina equisetifolia is the major tree species. This study was conducted by a questionnaire survey to find out the observation of coastal people and to assess environmental, economic and social impacts of the casuarina shelterbelt. The study found that the shelterbelt reduced wind speed, increased the size of sand dunes, improved the aesthetic value, increased the protection facilities against cyclones, and enhanced the attractiveness of the beach for tourism. Although casuarina trees have inhibited the native species as undergrowth, the shelterbelt has increased the supply of fuel-wood for local people. The aboveground biomass density in the shelterbelt was found to be 162.58 ± 4.52 t ha-1 with a mean annual increment of 8.56 ± 0.24 t ha-1 yr-1, while the aboveground carbon density was found to be 73.16 ± 2.04 t ha-1 with a mean annual increment of 3.85 ± 0.11 t ha-1 yr-1. The study is expected to contribute to the field of climate change mitigation and adaptation in Bangladesh.