Population is the soul of a region. Its characteristics are the base for the existence and development of the region. The population studies is a broad social science discipline concerned with the study of human populations in relation to their size, composition, the changes occurring over time and the factors associated with these changes. The quality of the life of a community depends on the characteristics of population which includes its size and distribution by age, sex, occupation, marital status and the geographical area of its existence. A comparable picture of the above characteristics over a period of time can also explain the development process of a locality. An accurate assessment demands an understanding of the changing attributes which can be better understood only by knowing the present scenario. The work mirrors the evolved and existing condition of the population of Thiruvananthapuram district on the basis of important socio- economic attributes and its spatial variation for the last thirty years and aims to provide a better understanding of the prevailing situation of the district