India has a rich tradition of environment conservation, large scale environment degradation has resulted from population pressure, industrialisation and the indiscriminate use of forest areas of fuel, power generation and irrigation purposes. The relation between population and development is a dynamic one. Present paper concerns environmental issues as related to development and population growth in Kerala. The main objective is to find out extend to which rapid population growth and industrial development is associated with the deterioration of the environment. It is the simple fact that a growing population puts pressure on both the economic and environmental systems.