The paper aims to explore the social characteristics of Dhaka City, Bangladesh. The city has experienced a higher rate of urban growth in recent decades and it has transformed into a megacity. This rapid mass urban transformation of Dhaka City is not commensurate with its overall development. As such, the city is characterised by the high level of poverty and social vulnerability, shortage of housing, infrastructure and social services, poor quality of physical and social environment and inefficient urban management. Archival/textual research has been employed as the central research method for exploring the features of this city. This paper, however, argues that rapid mass urban transformation of Dhaka City has caused serious challenges in equity and justice, social stability as well as infrastructure management.