The global climate is changing and it is likely to change further over coming decades due to increasing concentrations of ‘greenhouse gases’ in the earth’s atmosphere caused largely by human activities. This will result in greater variations in weather pattern, a greater frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts and tropical storms, and gradual rises in average temperatures and sea levels. Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to climate change impacts because of its geographical location, high population density, high levels of poverty, and the reliance of many livelihoods on climate-sensitive sectors, particularly rural agriculture and fisheries. Climate change, therefore, threatens both previous achievements and future efforts to reduce poverty in Bangladesh due to problems related to water and food security and damage to essential infrastructure during more frequent disaster events.