This paper investigates the critical role leadership plays in eradicating poverty in Lesotho Africa. The paper integrates interview data collected from faculty at the National University of Lesotho with current literature on poverty, development of human capacity, and leadership. The first section of the paper centers on the challenges Lesotho faces in overcoming poverty. This is followed by a discussion of sustainable development in Lesotho that involves (a) a democratic government, (b) an infrastructure that supports the health and welfare of the people, (c) an accessible educational system, (d) employment opportunities associated with Lesotho’s natural resources, and (e) the honoring of Basotho social values. The paper then identifies leadership characteristics seen by those interviewed as being critical to sustainable development and ultimately to the eradication of poverty. Three general leadership characteristics described are connected to the historical consciousness of Lesotho and include visioning, serving, and unifying.