The North West Frontier Province of Pakistan, including a narrow belt of tribal territories, has experienced various types of mobility both before and after the 1947 Partition. In the earlier phase the local population was fairly stable while many migrants came from outside. After Independence the overall level of mobility as well as the size of outflow increased while the inflow was reduced and as a result the Province experienced net migration losses The recent massive influx of Afghan refugees, discussed in detail, created yet another situation for this part of Pakistan.