This article reviews the recent literature on Dynamic and Stochastic General Equilibrium Models, with the objective (i) to document the empirical regularities characterizing African economies; (ii) to discuss the usefulness of the DSGE approach to the analysis of macroeconomic implications of monetary, fiscal, real and external impulses in African economies. So We consider the theoretical framework of a standard New Keynesian DSGE model for a small open economy with an array of financial frictions, nominal and real rigidities that have been identified in the standard macroeconomic literature to explain observed business cycle.