This report provides a situational analysis of the Egyptian aquaculture value chain conducted in 2013/2014. It deals with the conditions within which the farmed fish value chain operates in Egypt and the general trends that exist in the environment. Fisheries and aquaculture comprise about 6.7% of the total value of agricultural production in Egypt (in 2010/2011). Volumes produced through aquaculture have exceeded capture fisheries production since 2003 and the sector has seen impressive growth, which reached 1 million tonnes in 2012. The main cultured species in Egypt are Nile tilapia, mullet, carps and African catfish. The majority of fish is produced in earthen ponds but other systems are also in use. The intensity of production is increasing, with higher volumes coming from smaller land areas under production. There are strict policies in place that govern aquaculture with regard to the use of land for fish farming and water usage. These limit the further expansion of aquaculture areas. Imports of fish into Egypt have been reasonably steady over the years in terms of volume, while the value of imports has increased. Exports are small in comparison and the net trade balance is negative: 183,970 t in volume and USD 513.45 million in value. In the Egyptian diet in 2009, total animal protein was comprised of approximately 22% of fish and seafood. Expenditure on food is still a major proportion of Egyptian households’ total expenditure. However, there is variation between rural and urban areas. Rural households spend less on food in absolute terms but more compared to their total expenditure when compared to urban households. Expenditure on fish is about 6% of total expenditure in rural areas and 7% in urban areas, and this has been stable over the years, although expenditure in absolute terms has increased substantially. Steady population growth has spurred demand for food. However despite income growth, as reflected in rising GDP, poverty, malnutrition and food insecurity are still common issues in Egypt, as inflation has put upward pressure on the cost of an average food basket. Until recently, fish health has not been considered as a major issue in the value chain, as most Egyptian fish farms are not very heavily stocked. However, the gradual process of intensification and poor water quality in many of the fish farm areas means that disease outbreaks can occur, with considerable loss of stock. While the responsibility for fish health management falls with General Organization for Veterinary Services (GOVS), in practice most support is provided by private veterinarians or pharmaceutical suppliers, with some support from Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research (CLAR). There are a large number of private hatcheries that provide Nile tilapia seed, although the majority of these are unregistered. Some hatcheries have tried to improve the genetic potential of Nile tilapia, but farmers continue to buy seed based on the lowest price. An improved tilapia strain that can potentially bring substantial yield gains has been developed by WorldFish and partners and has begun to be disseminated through private hatcheries. Farmers appear to be keen to stock the improved strain although it is unclear whether they will be willing to pay a higher price for this seed. Other important actors in fish breeding include the government’s Central Laboratory of Aquaculture Research, the Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries and university institutes and departments.