The 2010 Urban Employment Unemployment Survey (UEUS) is designed to provide employment and unemployment data on urban areas of the country and the regions as well as for some selected major towns. The core information that was collected includes engagement in productive activities, employment and unemployment situations for those persons aged ten years and over. A total of 19,800 households in urban areas were selected from 660 enumeration areas using systematic random sampling method. The survey covered all urban parts of the country with some exception of urban areas in non-sedentary population of three zones of Affar and six zones of Somali regions. Ethiopia being one of the African countries with relatively fast growing population coupled with developing economies, the proper management and efficient utilization of its work force is essential. In this respect, the capacity of the economy to absorb the potential labour force needs to be monitored regularly, and appropriate employment policy should consequently be adopted. Thus, the levels and trends of employment and unemployment rates of the country are widely used as overall indicators in evaluating the current performance of the economy. The analysis of the employment status is therefore, essential both in reflecting the current employment situations and foreseeing future changes. It is also an input for assessing the meeting of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Furthermore, data on economic activity and other labour force would be used as a springboard for monitoring and evaluation of the five years growth and transformation plan of a country.