Sustainable development in the small island developing states (SIDS) of the Caribbean must
simultaneously address natural resources degradation and the promotion of rural communities
and green economies. The rich biodiversity found in coastal rural communities is often
mismanaged for income-generation purposes without consideration for the survival of
endangered species. Sea turtles are important specie in the rich biodiversity of some SIDS. They
provide environmental services, attract tourists and help generate revenue in rural communities.
However, among sea turtles, leatherback turtles are endangered species in some SIDS, and the
threat of climate change and associated sea level rise (SLR), place further stress on their nesting
sites. The loss of this endangered species would be significant in the context of communitybased
biodiversity protection and tourism-based sustainable livelihoods. This paper, using Grand
Riviere, Trinidad as a case study, first seeks to examine scenarios of rising sea levels within the
beach area applying a geographic information system model, and their implications for the loss
of the beach and sensitive turtle nesting sites. Secondly, it will examine whether this community
is addressing beach degradation and adaptation to climate change. Thirdly, the paper will explore
adaptation measures to protect the nesting sites that are vulnerable to SLR. Finally, the paper will
present key conclusions and recommendations.