Some political scientists believe that a new form of political cleavage has arisen in Slovenia over the past few years, which runs along the ”urban” and ”rural” axis. In this research, the relation between the settlement area type according to the level of urbanisation and the electoral results of the parliamentary elections from 1996 to 2008 has been observed. The research strategy was based on comparing the electoral results from their respective polls with an appropriate typification of settlements. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the calculation of the Eta squared coefficient and the analysis of parties’ vote percentages and voter bases, the hypothesis may be safely confirmed, stating that there is a newly-founded political cleavage between the urban and the rural areas.