Since the early 1970’s, indigenous Amazonians of Peru have received property title or other forms of government recognition to over 10 million hectares of tropical forested land. The largest single area is found in the Río Galvez Basin, east of Iquitos near the Brazilian border, where a 400,000-hectare native community was titled to the Matsés peoples in the 1990’s. Developing and implementing management plans and related economic initiatives for these areas is the next urgent chapter in the long history of their struggle for survival and recognition.. The authors examine both conceptual and methodological steps to establish a map-based Native Communities Information System (SICNA) as the foundation for future land use planning activities in Peru’s indigenous territories. The Information System includes two types of data for Peru’s native communities: geographic data that includes the hydrographic system with community boundaries among other elements, and tabular data on demography, ethnic affiliation, legal-administrative status, housing, education, and resource use. The two data types are interconnected digitally through a geographic information system (GIS). The authors describe two case in which these mapping and data-gathering techniques are put to use: 1. for delimiting a proposed Communal Reserve to protect currently untitled resources vital to the survival of 23 communities in a large area in the northern Peruvian Amazon; and 2. for reaffirming historical and cultural links of the Amuesha people to a territory lost to colonists over the past century in Peru’s Central Jungle region.