Objective:To evaluate infant feeding practices and its determinants among HIV positive mothers in Abuja, the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among sero-positive women diagnosed during pregnancy and had counseling on infant feeding options. The study was conducted in general hospital Asokoro and Gwagwalada specialist Hospital, both of which offer PMTCT services including free breast milk substitutes (infant formula).
Results: A total of fifty HIV-positive pregnant mothers participated in the study. Most of the respondents ( 63%) were in age range of 21- 30years, while that of the spouses were 31- 40years respectively. Forty six percent of respondents had secondary education, while 88% were gainfully employed. Majority of respondents ( 84%) notified their partners of their sero-status, while 93% of them were counseled along with their spouse/partners [Table 1]. All the respondents were counseled on different infant feeding options. Forty percent and 46% of respondents respectively chose exclusive breast milk substitute (EB) and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for those who opted for replacement feeding. The main reasons given for the choices were: stigma of HIV status, partner support, availability of supply. Infant feeding choices were significantly related to the level of education and awareness of respondents (x2 = 32. 8, df = 16, p = 0. 05, x2 = 7.4, df = 2, p = 0. 05)
Conclusion: Replacement feeding under the present PMTCT programme seems feasible in urban areas of Nigeria. However, public awareness campaigns are needed for its increased acceptability coupled with adequate support that must be provided for mothers who opted for it. Additional training for counseling in HIV and infant feeding options is recommended for health care providers.