Land use consists of human activities. In the western world, most land use is controlled by governments and laws but, in developing countries with high population growth, land resources face another kind of pressure; Unplanned settlements and agriculture, for example, change land all around the world. One of the biggest reasons for this unplanned land use is vast population growth, which forces people to use the land in a way that is unsustainable. When exploring land use in a country with high population growth one should never forget the importance of population development. The past, present and ideas for the future of population development in Taita Hills are presented in the following. How the population grows and lives in the area has some of the biggest effects on the land use and the future of the area.