The study sought to analyse the import and export elasticity of agricultural
products in Nigeria between 1975 and 2009. Data for analysis were collected
conveniently using secondary sources. Data collected were analysed using
inferential statistics (multiple regression). The result of the import analysis
showed that coefficient of multiple determination, R2 was very strong at 0.750
and statistically significant at 1% (P = 0.01) which indicates a very strong
explanatory power of the independent variables in explaining the change in the
dependent variable, which was import demand of agricultural products. It
explicitly showed that four (4) out of the five (5) coefficients of: gross
domestic product (GDP), coefficient of index of commercial openness (ICO),
External Reserve (LnEXTR) and Liberalization dummy were positively
signed, as well as statistically significant at 1% except liberalization dummy
(TLD) that was statistically insignificant. Again, the result of the export
analysis showed that the coefficient of multiple determination, R2 was 0.525
or 52.50% and statistically significant at 1%. The DW value was 2.947 and
indicated the absence of auto-correlation. It was further observed that the
following variables: gross domestic product (GDP), commercial openness,
output of major agricultural export commodities and index of world prices
were positively signed and statistically significant at 1%. The study therefore
conclude that agricultural export elasticity was most responsive to output and
world price, and least responsive to trade liberalization; though not statistically
significant. Based on the research findings, the following recommendations
were made: stimulation of domestic agricultural production for increase
exports; expansion programmes and policies should be made proactive on
agricultural export. Agricultural products that are most competitive in terms
of quality and price need to be encouraged.