This study uses 2000 DHS data for Rwanda (Office National de la Population & ORC Macro, 2001) and 2004 DHS data from Madagascar (INSTAT & ORC, 2005). These surveys provide nationally representative samples of women aged 15-49 years for each country. The survey questionnaires collected individual information from all eligible women on their socioeconomic and demographic background characteristics and on health issues, such as use of primary health care services, including family planning behavior. The study focuses on women in union and their use or nonuse of the family planning services. The independent variables considered include such socioeconomic and demographic variables as educational attainment, household economic status, woman’s age, region of residence, urban/rural residence, family planning use discussions with partner, prior exposure to any method, whether partner approves family planning, and partner’s educational and occupational background. The dependent variable is the use/nonuse status of modern contraceptives to space or limit births. The dependent variable has five possible categories – unmet need to space, unmet need to limit, met need to space, met need to limit, and those women who have no need. Multinomial logistic regression analyze methods were used to explore the significant distinguishing factors between these categories of need.