The study was set up to ascertain the level of Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Abeokuta city
after over two decades of implementation of directly observed treatment supervision (DOTS)
regime. Study was a cross-sectional study. Patients attending General hospital Abeokuta with
signs and symptoms of PTB and HIV were consecutively recruited into the study between June
and December, 2009. Sputum samples were collected and processed using standard laboratory
procedures for TB detection; venous blood samples were collected using standard procedures
and sera tested for the presence of HIV antibodies and proteins using Enzyme linked
immunosorbent assey (ELISA). Questionnaires were administered to obtain relevant information
such as age, gender, occupation, educational levels and housing standards. The incidence of
pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among residents of Abeokuta city was found to be 36.2% with no
significant gender difference (P> 0.05). There were no strong occupational correlations, however, HIV/AIDS, patterns of housing and overcrowding were identifiable associated factors.
TB surveillance should be strengthened through deployment of home visitors, establishment of
more TB centres with adequate facilities for the control of HIV/AIDS, and health education of
caregivers on benefits of proper housing and impact of overcrowding.