The main objectives of the study were to examine and identify the factors that affect
agricultural productivity in Imo State, Nigeria. The method of proportionate random
sampling technique was used in selecting a sample of 99 farmers who were interviewed
using validated, structured questionnaire. Primary data collected were analyzed using
frequencies, means, and the Ordinary Least Squares multiple regression analysis
technique. The results of the analysis show that the marginal value products estimated for
farmland, planting materials, chemical fertilizer and labour are 0.0654, 0.0615, 0.0871 and
0.0831 respectively. Yam/cassava/maize/vegetable/melon combination was identified as
the main crop combination practiced by the farmers in the state. Analysis of resource use
efficiency shows that the farmers are highly efficient in the use of planting materials but
highly inefficient in the use of land and chemical fertilizer. The results of the multiple linear
regression analysis on the determinants of agricultural productivity show that age, level of
education, years of farming experience, farm size, extension contact, fertilizer use, planting
materials and labour use are the main determinants of agricultural productivity in the state.
It is recommended that extension agents should teach farmers to use the right quality and quantity of chemical fertilizers, and the use of high yielding planting materials to enhance
farmers’ productivity.