Water is the primary medium through which climate influences our
ecosystem and thus the livelihood and well-being of societies. Higher
temperatures and changes in extreme weather conditions are projected to
affect availability and distribution of rainfall, river flows and even
deteriorate water quality. This study thus investigates the effects of climate
variability on water availability for agriculture; the management practices
employed by respondents to adapt to the changing climate; and the
possible implications on livelihoods of respondents in the study area.
Questionnaire was administered to 120 randomly selected farmers in the
study area and data were analyzed using sample descriptive statistics.
Majority of the farmers fall within the age bracket of 51 - 60 years. Because
these have been in farming for many years, they are aware of climate
change evidence through various avenues. The study showed that frequent
floods, droughts and heavy loss of water area have effects on climate
variability on water for agriculture. To adapt, certain management practices
are employed: building of local cistern for water storage, treatment and reuse
of water, pollution control, diversion canals, planting puts and other
practices. The study also reveals that adequate availability and use of
water improve the well-being of farmers, enhancing productivity of land,
higher wages, and lowers food price, reduction of vulnerability,
employment creation and diversity of cropping. For long lasting measure to
make water available, irrigation facilities shown has been put in place since
it enhances ready, adequate and efficiently water supply system.