NGOs have become an important development agent in Bangladesh. This sector is increasingly becoming important because of claims that they are efficient and effective; they are innovative, flexible, independent and responsive to the problems of poor people at the grass-roots level (Bagci 2007). The growth of such NGOs over the past four decades in Bangladesh has given an increasingly important role and has led them to forming a distinctive sector within civil society. Over this time, NGOs have been engaged in all sectors of social life like relief, rehabilitation, health, education, development programmes, peace, human rights, environment, and so on. They have been using finance raised from voluntary, private sources and donor agencies, and managing themselves autonomously at local, national and international levels (Bagci 2007; Gauri and Galef 2005). In the last chapter, we have seen that NGOs vary widely according to size, sector of activity, religious orientation, their functions (service providers, social movements, networks or apex organisations), their relationships to donors, their organisational sophistication and other factors. The effects of ‘massive proliferation’ are perhaps nowhere more evident than in Bangladesh, which has one of the largest and most sophisticated NGO sectors in the developing world (Gauri and Galef 2005). It is said that over 90 % of villages in the country had at least one NGO (Fruttero and Gauri 2005), and foreign assistance to the country channelled through NGOs has been above 10%. This chapter provides a discussion on the emergence of NGOs for development. It also highlights the main parameters of NGOs. The chapter attempts to integrate various relevant debates of NGOs’ activities in the socio-economic, political and cultural development paradigms. It was found that the NGOs have abrasive relationships with state and donors, on the one hand, and global versus local development debates, on the other. The chapter shows how the development challenges might be resolved through consulting both local and global knowledge approaches, so that the NGOs can achieve participatory-oriented development interventions according to the choices of the rural people in Bangladesh. The chapter also explains the determinant factors of how NGOs have become homes for Bangladesh and why Bangladesh bothers NGOs.