Demographic and Health Surveys conducted quinquennially in 1996, 2001 and 2006 show that infant, child and under-five mortality in Nepal have declined steadily at least over the past 25 years. Estimates
based on exponential-decline regression curves fitted to the 15-year data immediately preceding each survey, aggregated by 5-year period, show the infant, child and under-five mortality rates for the
period 1986–1990 to be 106, 58 and 158 per 1000 live births and 52, 17 and 67 per 1000 live births for 2001–2005, respectively. The projected rates, assuming that the policy and program efforts are
sustained, for the period 2011–2015 are 32, 7 and 38 per 1000 live births. Nepal is most likely to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) target of a two-thirds reduction in child mortality by 2015,
the end of the MDG countdown.