The aim of the study was to assess the factors associated with HIV risk behaviours in women in Livingstone, Zambia. A cross-sectional analytical survey using a structured questionnaire was carried out in two sites in Livingstone, which were selected on the basis of differences in socio-economic status. 130 women aged 15-49 years were randomly selected using a 10% systematic sample of households and the data generated was then put in categories and analyzed using EPI INFO version 2000. The results indicate that the mean age for the entire study population was 29.5 years. There were 3.1 %( n=2) of the women who revealed their HIV sero-status while 4.6 % (n=3) were in polygamous marriage. Among respondents from the urban community 47.7 % (n=31) had attained secondary education compared to 55.4 %( n=36) from the peri- urban community. The urban community had a higher proportion of women (16.6%) who had attained College/University education than the peri-urban community1.6 % (n=1). Among the respondents from the urban community 60% (n=39) were unemployed compared to 84.6% (n=55) in the peri-urban community. Less women in the urban community 43.1% (n=28) had income levels below K250, 000=00 than their counter parts from the peri-urban 67.7% (n=44). The study revealed that there was an association between HIV risk behaviours with residence (p=0.034) as well as marital status (p=0.046). Married women were more at risk of contracting HIV (62.1%) than women who were not married (34.9%). Women in urban area were more likely to report HIV risk behaviours (62.8%) than women in the peri-urban area (37.2%). Married women and women in the urban community are at high risk of contracting HIV and every effort should be made to ensure that HIV/AIDS programmes help to reduce 8