Drawing from qualitative and quantitative analyses, the author explores sociocultural constructions of gender inequalities in Cameroon. Data are used from Cameroon’s 1987 population census (RGPH), as well as from the 1991 Demographic and Health Survey conducted in the country. Gender relations as an expression of culture; women’s education and literacy; single women and first divorce; fertility preferences, attitudes, and behaviors; women’s educational status and fertility preferences; women’s education, their participation in fertility decisions, and their contraceptive behavior; and women’s education and fertility are examined. Both men and women help perpetuate gender inequalities in Cameroon, but women play a larger role in eradicating such inequality. Urban and influential women can help spread awareness among rural and underprivileged urban areas about women’s status, the impact of gender inequity upon families and women, and problems with certain gender role stereotypes. Such sensitization needs to be undertaken at the community level with the support of religious and traditional leaders. Norms favorable to women’s emancipation exist in segments of Cameroon’s society.