Using structural equation models and data from three provinces in the Democratic Republic of Congo, we assess the factors affecting external linkages among rural producer organizations and determinants of performance in agricultural service provision in a post-conflict setting. Environmental risks, membership in umbrella organizations, external assistance during set-up, and membership size are significant factors affecting external linkages. Measures of external linkages, members’ financial contributions, management capacity, formal governance systems, and incidence of conflict events are statistically significant factors influencing performance. Results highlight the role of enabling environment for these grassroot organizations to thrive and benefit their communities.