Background: The importance of male involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs is
incremental to maintain family health and adherence to human immunodeficiency virus treatment and prevention regimens.
Globally, male involvement has been recognized as a priority focus area to be strengthened in prevention of mother-to-child
transmission but, it remains a challenge in most low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. Objective: To assess
male involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and associated factors among male partners in Addis
Ababa. Methods: A Community based cross-sectional study supplemented with qualitative method was conducted from
October 1-November 30, 2013 at sixteen districts in Addis Ababa. A total of 431 male participants were involved in the study.
Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 statistical package. Multiple logistic regressions analysis was used to identify the
predictors of male involvement. Qualitative data were analyzed manually using thematic approach. Result: One hundred ninety
six (45.5%) of respondents were in the age group of 35-44 years. Three hundred thirty two (77%) of the participants were
knowledgeable about mother-to-child transmission of HIV. From the total respondents, only 121(28.1%) of males had high
involvement in PMTCT. Knowledge, income, cultural beliefs, and occupation of the participants were significantly predictor of
males’ involvement in the Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. Conclusion: Knowledge, occupational status,
income and cultural barriers to males’ involvement in the Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in Addis Ababa
were deterrent and interrelated. Therefore, a potential need to be invested on the components attributable to those independent
factors of male involvement there by aware, support empower them towards effective involvement in Prevention of mother to
child transmission interventions.