The objective of this study is to systematically evaluate both the pre and post
independence local governance framework and structures. The study will thus, highlight
the political, developmental and philosophical differences between the post-independent
policy of decentralisation in Namibia and the pre-independence policy of Bantustans.
This will be realised by evaluating public perceptions on decentralisation vis-à-vis
Bantustans; as well as by investigating the general impact of associating or equating the
policy of decentralisation to that of Bantustans, on the implementation and realisation of
the former.
It is a well-known fact that the motivations for pursuing decentralisation differ from one
country to another. Likewise, people and countries define decentralisation differently
and connote different things to them. To that end, decentralisation in Namibia entails
the process of delegation and devolution of functions, powers, responsibilities and
resources from central government to regional councils and local authorities within the
framework of a unitary state. Its implementation is guided by the principle that functions
follow funds and personnel. The motivation for decentralisation in Namibia is two fold,
namely, (a) the government’s willingness to democratise and remedy the un-democratic
and discriminatory historical form of governance before independence and (b)
decentralisation is primarily seen as an instrument or tool to promote and guarantee
democracy and sustainable development. Therefore, the objectives of decentralisation in
Namibia center on democracy, development, empowerment, good governance and
ii
administration, enhancement of accountability and promotion of local economic
development.
To ensure effective implementation of the decentralisation policy government has
enacted enabling legislations such as the Constitution of the Republic of Namibia, 1990,
Regional Councils Act, 1992, Local Authorities Act, 1992, Decentralization Policy of
1997, Decentralisation Enabling Act 2000, Trust Fund for Regional Development and
Equity Provisions Act 2000, and Traditional Authorities Act, 2000.