According to UNICEF estimates, Nigeria loses some 2,300 children aged five years or younger every year from
mainly preventable causes. Many researchers have tried to shed light on the correlates of childhood mortality in
Nigeria and targeted policies have led to declining rate of child mortality, but the rate of declining has been too
slow for Nigeria to meet its MDG targets. Low coverage of interventions, a weak primary health care system,
staffed by inadequate number of skilled health professionals, have been cited as some of the reasons behind the
slow pace of reduction. Administratively, Nigeria is divided into regions, states within regions, and further subregional
divisions that impact on how interventions can be rolled out to the population. Therefore, relevant
researches on identifying the background of children who are most at risk need to take this multi-level structure
into account. The aim of this paper is to build multi-level models that can help explain the variation in child
mortality in Nigeria and in particular to determine factors that are associated with childhood mortality in
different regions in Nigeria. We use data from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey to build multilevel
model that takes effects at regional level and individual child attributes into account. The study found that
the risks of death were higher for children of mothers residing in the North-east and North-west regions
compared with children in South-west region of the country