Many studies have examined the health inequities between different
social groups, often measured by individual independent variables, such as
education, gender, ethnicity, geography, rich, poor, etc. Although inequities are
increasingly widening, a few studies have looked at the health inequity between
different poverty groups within the poor. The present study, using equity terms,
examined the use of health services in two rural areas of Bangladesh. Using a
multistage sampling method, a total of 80 villages were selected from the Bogra and
Dinajpur sadar thanas (subdistricts) for the study. A total of 4003 households in these
villages were visited for data collection on mortality and fertility, while data related
to use of health services was collected from a subsample of 1032 households. A
poverty index, constructed using three variables (household landholding, education
level of head of household, and self-rated categorization of household’s annual food
security), categorized the households into three groups: extreme poor, moderate
poor and non-poor. Overall, the data revealed considerable inequities in many study
indicators between the poor and the non-poor. However, inequities of varying
degrees were also found between the extreme poor and the moderate poor. Lower
levels of inequities were found between the poor and the non-poor in the use of
health services, which were easily accessible and free of charge (immunization,
vitamin A capsule, etc.). On the whole, the extreme poor were less likely to use
health services than the moderate poor and the non-poor, suggesting the need for a
more appropriate programme to address their pressing health needs.